1. If the operator has to attach their own load, what should they ensure before leaving the cab of the machine?
Before leaving the cab of the telescopic handler, the operator should ensure that the load is securely attached and properly balanced. They should inspect the attachments and lifting equipment for any signs of damage or wear and make sure they are in good working condition. Additionally, they should ensure that the load does not exceed the machine's lifting capacity and that it is within the safe operating limits. It is important for the operator to follow the manufacturer's instructions and any relevant industry regulations to ensure safe handling of the suspended load.
2. Why should the standard load chart for fork operations not be used for suspended load operations?
The standard load chart for fork operations should not be used for suspended load operations because it does not take into account the additional risks and factors associated with lifting loads overhead. Suspended loads have different dynamics, such as increased instability and potential swinging, which can significantly affect the machine's stability and capacity. Due to these differences, a separate load chart specifically designed for suspended load operations should be used to ensure safe lifting practices and prevent accidents.
3. A machine is equipped with a load chart that provides information relating only to static free-on-wheels duties. In what circumstance can pick-and-carry duties be undertaken?
Pick-and-carry duties should only be undertaken if the machine is specifically designed and certified for that purpose. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and ensure that the machine is suitable for the task at hand. Using a machine for pick-and-carry duties without proper certification can be dangerous and violate safety regulations. Always prioritize safety and compliance when operating machinery in the construction industry.
4. If fitting an approved attachment such as a lifting jib, what TWO ways can the machine's rated lift capacity be affected?
When fitting an approved attachment such as a lifting jib to a telescopic handler, two ways the machine's rated lift capacity can be affected are:
1. Reduction in the maximum lifting capacity: The addition of an attachment can reduce the machine's lifting capacity due to the extra weight of the attachment itself.
2. Change in load center: The attachment can alter the position of the load center, which can affect the machine's stability and ability to safely lift and maneuver loads. This may result in a reduced rated lift capacity.
These potential impacts on lift capacity highlight the importance of considering the attachment and its effects on the machine's overall lifting capabilities.
5. Travelling with a suspended load on uneven ground/rough terrain may be hazardous for what reason?
Travelling with a suspended load on uneven ground/rough terrain may be hazardous because it can result in instability and loss of control. Uneven ground can cause the telescopic handler to tip over or become unbalanced, especially when carrying a load. This can lead to accidents and injuries. Proper precautions should be taken to ensure the stability of the telescopic handler, such as using outriggers, following safe operating procedures, and avoiding travel on rough terrain with a suspended load whenever possible.
6. Explain the effect that could happen when turning left or right with a suspended load, even gently?
When turning left or right with a suspended load, several effects could occur. Firstly, the load might swing due to the centrifugal force. This can lead to an uncontrolled swinging motion, jeopardizing stability and causing potential damage or injury. Secondly, the telescopic handler's stability may be compromised by the load's weight shifting towards the outside of the turn. This could result in a tip-over incident if not managed carefully. Therefore, it is essential to avoid sudden or sharp turns and maintain cautious control of the telescopic handler and the suspended load to minimize such risks.
7. Whilst being guided by a slinger/signaller, the operator loses sight of them. What should the operator do?
If an operator of a telescopic handler loses sight of the slinger/signaller while they are guiding a suspended load, they should immediately stop any movement of the load. The operator should wait until they have regained visual contact with the slinger/signaller before resuming any lifting operations. This is crucial for maintaining safe working conditions and preventing accidents.
8. The safe working load (SWL) of a multi-leg chain sling only applies in what TWO conditions or configuration?
The safe working load (SWL) of a multi-leg chain sling only applies when the load is suspended vertically and when all legs are at equal angles to the point of attachment.
9. To minimise the risk of a sideways overturn, how should the boom be positioned when travelling with a suspended load?
When traveling with a suspended load on a telescopic handler, the boom should be lowered and angled slightly backward. This helps to maintain a lower center of gravity and minimizes the risk of a sideways overturn. It is important to always follow the manufacturer's guidelines and ensure proper training and certification for operating the telescopic handler.
10. a) What is the purpose of a lift plan and b) when would one be required?
a) The purpose of a lift plan is to ensure safe and efficient lifting operations. It identifies potential hazards, specifies lifting equipment, and outlines procedures to minimize risk. It helps to prevent accidents, protect workers, and safeguard the load being lifted.
b) A lift plan is required whenever lifting operations are being carried out. This includes situations involving suspended loads, such as operating a telescopic handler. A lift plan is essential for managing the risks associated with lifting, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations, and maintaining site safety. It should be created before lifting operations begin and reviewed periodically or when conditions change.
11. What checks need to be taken before a lifting accessory can be used?
Before a lifting accessory, such as a telescopic handler, can be used for suspended loads, several checks need to be undertaken. These include inspecting the accessory for any signs of damage or wear, ensuring it is suitable for the intended load capacity and type, and verifying that it has been properly maintained and is in good working condition. Additionally, the operator should be trained and competent in using the accessory safely. Regular inspections and maintenance should also be carried out to ensure ongoing compliance and safe operation.
12. Accessories or attachments for suspended loads must only be attached to manufacturer's approved lifting point. Explain THREE possible consequences if the recommendations are not followed.
1. Damage to the telescopic handler: Attaching accessories or attachments for suspended loads to non-approved lifting points can result in structural damage to the telescopic handler. This can compromise the machine's integrity and lead to costly repairs or even a complete breakdown.
2. Safety risks to personnel: Incorrect attachment of accessories or attachments for suspended loads increases the risk of accidents or injuries to workers. Failure to follow the manufacturer's recommendations can lead to unexpected load shifts, causing items to fall or become unstable, potentially resulting in serious harm to individuals in the vicinity.
3. Legal and regulatory consequences: Non-compliance with manufacturer's guidelines for attaching accessories or attachments for suspended loads can result in legal and regulatory implications. Breaching health and safety regulations can lead to fines, penalties, or legal action, tarnishing the reputation of the company and potentially affecting its ability to secure future contracts.
13. Only two legs of a 4 tonne 4 legged chain sling are being used. What is the maximum load that can be lifted with that sling?
The maximum load that can be lifted with two legs of a 4-tonne, 4-legged chain sling is 2 tonnes.
14. What THREE checks need to be made before any load is to be lowered into a trench or excavation?
Before lowering a load into a trench or excavation using a telescopic handler, three important checks need to be made.
1. Adequate Ground Conditions: Ensure that the ground is capable of supporting the weight of the load. Check for stability and the absence of soft or unstable areas.
2. Proper Lifting Equipment: Verify that the telescopic handler is the appropriate equipment for the task. It should have the required lifting capacity and be in proper working condition.
3. Safe Access and Egress: Confirm that there is a safe access route to and from the trench or excavation for the telescopic handler and its operator. This ensures safe maneuverability and minimizes the risk of accidents.
15. a) What would be considered the main danger zone for a slinger/signaller (load handler) when controlling a suspended load during pick-and-carry duties and b) what could be a consequence if the slinger/signaller was within the zone during travel?
a) The main danger zone for a slinger/signaller when controlling a suspended load during pick-and-carry duties is the area directly beneath or surrounding the load. This is where the load is most likely to swing or shift and pose a risk to the slinger/signaller.
b) If the slinger/signaller was within the zone during travel, the consequence could be that they are struck by the load or caught between the load and another object. This could result in serious injury or even death. It is important for the slinger/signaller to maintain a safe distance from the load during travel to prevent such accidents.
16. Why must the telehandler operator ensure that the boom operating controls are isolated before the slinger attaches the load?
The telehandler operator must isolate the boom operating controls before the slinger attaches the load to ensure safety. This is because any accidental movement of the boom during the load attachment process can cause the load to swing or fall, posing a hazard to personnel and property. Isolating the controls prevents any unintended operation while the load is being attached, reducing the risk of accidents and injuries. It is a crucial safety measure that should always be followed.
17. Before undertaking any suspended load lifting duties, what TWO factors should the telehandler operator check with their supervisor before work starts?
The two factors the telehandler operator should check with their supervisor before starting work are:
1. Load Capacity: They should confirm the maximum load capacity of the telehandler to ensure it can safely lift the intended load.
2. Stability: They should verify the stability of the telehandler, considering factors such as ground conditions and the presence of any obstacles or slopes that may impact stability during suspended load lifting operations.
18. When picking up a suspended load, what constitutes the total weight that is to be lifted by the machine?
The total weight lifted by the telescopic handler includes the weight of the load and any attachments used for lifting. Make sure to consider both when determining the total weight.
19. Travelling with extra-long loads should be undertaken with a slinger for what reason?
Using a slinger when travelling with extra-long loads on a telescopic handler helps to ensure safe handling and prevent accidents. The slinger assists in balancing the load properly, reducing the risk of tipping or overloading the machine. It also helps to maintain stability and control during movement, reducing the chances of damage to the load, the machine, or surrounding structures. Additionally, the slinger provides an extra pair of eyes to identify any potential hazards or obstacles during travel, which further enhances safety. It is a best practice that promotes the safe and efficient transportation of extra-long loads.
20. As well as checking the rated capacity of the machine and the lifting accessories for the load, the lifting capacity of what else must be checked?
In addition to the rated capacity of the machine and lifting accessories, the lifting capacity of the structure supporting the telescopic handler must also be checked. Ensure that the structure can safely support the weight of the load being lifted.
21. What TWO ways can a load swing cause a telehandler to become unstable?
A load swing can cause a telehandler to become unstable by shifting the machine's center of gravity, leading to a loss of balance. This can occur in two ways: First, if the load swings laterally and extends beyond the telehandler's width, it can introduce an unbalanced force that destabilizes the machine. Second, if the load swings longitudinally and extends beyond the telehandler's length, it can create an unstable lever arm effect that can disrupt the machine's stability.
22. If a load chart is not available for suspended loads or for the type of attachment, in what situations can the machine be used?
If a load chart is not available for suspended loads or the specific attachment, it is not recommended to use the telescopic handler for such tasks. Lack of load chart makes it difficult to determine the machine's safe working limits, posing a safety risk. To ensure safe operation, it is essential to have accurate load information provided by the manufacturer. If the load chart is unavailable, use the telescopic handler for other tasks where load information is accessible or seek alternative equipment that can provide the necessary load data. Safety should always be the top priority.
23. List FIVE factors that must be taken into account by the operator if a load is to be travelled across a site.
When travelling with a suspended load using a telescopic handler, the operator must consider the following factors:
1. Load stability: Ensure the load is securely attached and balanced to prevent any swinging or shifting during travel.
2. Height and obstacle clearance: Determine the proper height and path to avoid hitting any overhead obstacles or structures.
3. Ground conditions: Assess the ground for stability and make sure it can support the weight of the load and the machine.
4. Speed and maneuverability: Determine the appropriate speed and use smooth and controlled movements to maintain stability.
5. Visibility: Maintain clear visibility of the load and the surrounding areas to avoid any potential hazards or accidents.
24. In terms of visibility, turning to the right with a raised boom can be more hazardous for what reason?
Turning to the right with a raised boom can be more hazardous due to reduced visibility. The raised boom can obstruct the operator's view, making it difficult to see obstructions or hazards on the right side.
25. Travelling in a forward direction with a suspended load which has a large surface area, even though within safe limits, can be hazardous for what THREE reasons?
1. Increased risk of instability: Travelling forward with a suspended load that has a large surface area may cause the telescopic handler to become unstable. The load's weight distribution and wind resistance can affect the balance of the machine, increasing the potential for tipping over.
2. Reduced visibility: A large load can obstruct the operator's view, making it more difficult to maneuver and increasing the risk of collisions with obstacles or other workers.
3. Potential damage to the load: Traveling forward with a suspended load that has a large surface area makes it more susceptible to swinging or hitting objects. This can result in damage to the load itself or cause objects to fall from the load, posing a hazard to workers below.
26. What THREE factors must be taken into account if a load is being lifted onto a platform with a set of lifting chains which are long in length?
Three factors to consider when lifting a load onto a platform with long lifting chains are:
1. Chain Length: Ensure that the chains are long enough to reach the desired height without causing excessive strain or risk of the load swinging or tipping.
2. Load Stability: Make sure the load is properly secured and balanced to prevent it from shifting or becoming unstable during lifting and positioning.
3. Weight Capacity: Confirm that the telescopic handler and chains have sufficient weight capacity to lift the load safely, considering both the load's weight and any additional equipment being used.
27. If the load inadvertently or accidentally catches the ground whilst travelling, what course of action should be taken?
If the load accidentally touches the ground while the telescopic handler is moving, the first course of action should be to stop the machine immediately. The operator should assess the situation and determine if any damage has occurred. If there is any doubt about the safety of the load, it should be lowered to the ground and inspected. A qualified person should then assess the load and determine if it is safe to continue using it. If necessary, the load should be removed and replaced with a new one to prevent any potential risks.
28. a) In what circumstance can the machine's boom be extended for pick-and-carry/travelling duties and b) what must be taken into account if it needs to be extended?
a) The boom of a telescopic handler can be extended for pick-and-carry/travelling duties when the machine is equipped with a load suspension device designed for that purpose.
b) When extending the boom for such tasks, the operator must take into account the maximum load the machine can safely handle at full extension. The weight distribution of the load and any potential stability issues must also be considered. The manufacturer's guidelines and safety regulations should be followed to ensure safe operation.
29. What is the recommended travel speed when travelling with a suspended load?
The recommended travel speed when carrying a suspended load on a telescopic handler may vary depending on the specific manufacturer's guidelines and the load being lifted. However, it is generally advised to travel at a reduced speed to ensure stability, avoid sudden maneuvers, and minimize the risk of accidents. It is best to consult the operator's manual or contact the equipment manufacturer for specific speed recommendations for your particular telescopic handler.
30. Using the given suspended loads lifting capacity diagrams for a telescopic handler: a) For stabiliser duties, what is the maximum lifting capacity when the carriage is at the second stage of extension and the boom at angle of 10 degrees? b) For stabiliser duties, what is the maximum gradient allowed when lifting downhill on a slope? c) For free-on-wheels duties, what is the maximum gradient allowed when lifting uphill on a slope? d) For pick-and-carry duties, what is the maximum available hook height? e) What is the maximum travel speed when carrying a suspended load? f) What is the maximum gradient allowed when travelling downhill with a suspended load that is facing uphill? g) A load with dimensions of length - 4 metres, width - 4 metres and height - 2.8 metres, and weighing 4 tonnes needs to travelled for a distance of 20 metres before being placed. Using a set of 4 leg chains where the distance between the top of the load and the hook is 2.8 metres, can the lift be carried out for pick-and-carry duties?