1. In what situation does a hard hat NOT need to be worn when operating a forklift?
A hard hat should always be worn when operating a forklift, regardless of the situation. It is an important safety measure to protect against falling objects or overhead hazards. Safety should never be compromised, so wearing a hard hat should be a standard practice while operating a forklift.
2. If placing a variety of loads onto a rigid, flatbed transporter, where should the heaviest loads be placed?
The heaviest loads should be placed towards the center of the flatbed transporter to ensure better weight distribution and stability during transportation.
3. An operator has been asked to transport a load along the public highway from one site to another, for which The Road Traffic Act applies. What needs to be taken into account regarding the law?
When transporting a load on a public highway, the operator of a rough terrain masted forklift must comply with The Road Traffic Act. Firstly, the forklift must be registered and insured for road use. The operator must have the appropriate driving license and be aware of any weight or width restrictions. The load should be securely fastened and not obstruct the driver's view. Hazard lights should be used, and a reflective jacket worn. It is important to adhere to speed limits and drive safely, respecting other road users. Regular maintenance and inspections of the forklift are necessary.
4. Apart from the operator, who else may need to use the machine's Operator's Manual?
Other individuals who may need to use the machine's Operator's Manual include maintenance technicians who may need to troubleshoot and repair the forklift, safety officers responsible for ensuring compliance with safety regulations, and supervisors or managers who may be responsible for training or overseeing the operation of the forklift.
5. a) What is meant by the lifting capacity of the forklift and b) who determines it?
a) The lifting capacity of a forklift refers to the maximum weight it can safely lift. It is determined by the design and engineering of the forklift, taking into account factors like the stability of the vehicle and the strength of its lifting components.
b) The lifting capacity of a forklift is determined by the manufacturer. They conduct tests and calculations to ensure the forklift meets certain safety standards and guidelines. It is important to consult the manufacturer's specifications and adhere to the lifting capacity to avoid accidents and maintain the longevity of the forklift.
6. Before travelling with a physically large load, name FIVE factors that must be taken into account by the operator before moving.
Before moving with a physically large load on a rough terrain masted forklift, the operator needs to consider the following five factors:
1. Load capacity: Ensure that the forklift's maximum load capacity is not exceeded.
2. Load stability: Check if the load is properly secured and balanced to avoid tipping over or falling off.
3. Ground conditions: Assess the terrain to ensure it is suitable and safe for the forklift's operation.
4. Obstacles and clearance: Identify any obstacles or potential clearance issues along the intended path to avoid collisions or accidents.
5. Visibility: Ensure good visibility from the forklift's cab to safely navigate and control the movements of the forklift and the load.
7. A manufacturer must give recommendations on how to travel a forklift up and down inclines. If this information is not known first hand, what is the general rule about travelling up and down slopes?
When traveling a rough terrain masted forklift up or down inclines, it is generally recommended to:
1. Ascend slopes straight-on and in forward direction to maintain stability and prevent tipping.
2. Descend slopes in reverse, moving slowly and keeping the load as low as possible.
3. Reduce speed and exercise caution when maneuvering on inclines.
4. Avoid sudden acceleration or deceleration to prevent loss of control.
5. Ensure the forklift is equipped with appropriate tires and good traction to maximize grip on slopes.
6. Consult the manufacturer's guidelines or contact a qualified forklift engineer for specific recommendations.
Remember, safe operation on inclines requires careful attention and adherence to recommended practices.
8. Give FOUR reasons that may cause the forklift to tip over sideways.
1. Uneven ground: If the forklift is used on uneven terrain, it may tip over sideways due to the uneven distribution of weight and lack of stability.
2. Overloading: If the forklift is carrying a load that exceeds its capacity, it can become unbalanced and tip over sideways.
3. Sharp turns: Making sharp turns at high speeds can result in the forklift tipping over sideways, as the centrifugal force can destabilize the vehicle.
4. Incorrect usage: Improper operation or maneuvering techniques can also cause the forklift to tip over sideways, such as sudden acceleration or deceleration, or incorrect placement of the load.
9. When working in a confined area or space, name THREE dangers that can be present.
Three dangers that can be present when working in a confined area or space with a rough terrain masted forklift include limited visibility, the risk of collision with objects or structures, and the potential for overturning due to unsteady ground conditions.
10. Why must the seat belt be worn, even with the cab door closed?
The seat belt must be worn in a rough terrain masted forklift, even with the cab door closed, for safety reasons. Wearing the seat belt helps protect the operator in case of sudden stops, impacts, or rollovers. It prevents the operator from being ejected from the seat and reduces the risk of serious injuries. Additionally, it ensures stabilization and proper control of the vehicle, enhancing the operator's ability to operate the forklift safely in challenging terrain conditions.
11. Why should a forklift be re-fuelled at the end of the day?
A forklift should be refuelled at the end of the day to ensure it is ready for the next day's operations. Refuelling guarantees that there is sufficient fuel to support the forklift's runtime. It minimizes the risk of running out of fuel during work hours, avoiding disruptions and delays. Regular refuelling also helps to maintain the forklift's performance and efficiency, as well as extend its lifespan by preventing damage or wear caused by operating on low fuel levels. To ensure smooth operations and staff productivity, refuelling at the end of the day is a recommended practice.
12. What is a possible consequence of using a tyre with a deep cut in the sidewall?
A deep cut in the sidewall of a tyre can weaken its structural integrity, increasing the risk of a sudden blowout or loss of control. This poses a safety hazard to the operator and others nearby. Additionally, the deep cut can compromise the tyre's ability to maintain proper traction, stability, and manoeuvrability. It is crucial to address this issue promptly by replacing the damaged tyre to maintain safe operations and prevent potential accidents.
13. What is the purpose of a risk assessment?
A risk assessment is done to identify potential hazards and assess the risks associated with them. It helps ensure the safety of workers and others by determining appropriate control measures to prevent accidents or injuries. In the case of a rough terrain masted forklift, a risk assessment would identify hazards specific to operating this type of forklift in rugged or uneven environments, such as tipping or colliding with obstacles. The assessment would then recommend measures like training, maintenance, and proper use to mitigate these risks and make the work environment safer.
14. What is the definition of, or how can a hazard be described?
A hazard is a potential source of harm in the workplace. It can be described as any situation, substance, or activity that has the potential to cause injury or ill health. Hazards can take various forms, such as physical, chemical, ergonomic, biological, or psychosocial. It is crucial to identify and assess hazards to effectively manage risks and prevent accidents or ill health.
15. Which parts of the forklift is the load centre usually measured from?
The load centre of a rough terrain masted forklift is typically measured from the face of the forks or the vertical mast. It is the distance from the center of gravity of the load to the vertical line passing through the center of the front wheels or axle. Knowing the load centre is important for safe and efficient operation of the forklift, as it affects the stability and balance of the machine when lifting loads. Always adhere to the manufacturer's guidelines and recommendations for load centre measurements.
16. Where should the Operator's Manual be kept and why?
The Operator's Manual for a rough terrain masted forklift should be kept in a secure and easily accessible location within the cab of the forklift. This ensures that the operator has quick and convenient access to the manual whenever needed. The manual contains important information regarding the safe operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of the forklift. By keeping it within the cab, operators can refer to the manual for guidance on proper usage, emergency procedures, and to address any issues that may arise during operation. This helps promote safety and adherence to the manufacturer's guidelines.
17. Name THREE ways that a plant operator can contribute in ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor.
A plant operator can contribute to ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor by:
1. Maintaining a high level of professionalism and communication to understand and meet the client's requirements and expectations consistently.
2. Upholding excellent safety practices by following all relevant regulations and guidelines, reducing the risk of accidents or damage to property.
3. Demonstrating efficiency and productivity, completing tasks on time and within budget, resulting in cost savings and client satisfaction.
By incorporating these practices, the operator not only delivers quality work but also contributes to establishing a strong and positive working relationship for future projects.
18. Name FOUR ways that wet weather can affect forklift operations.
Wet weather can impact forklift operations in several ways:
1. Reduced traction: Rain can make surfaces slippery, leading to decreased traction between the forklift tires and the ground, making it harder to control the forklift and increasing the risk of skidding or tipping.
2. Poor visibility: Rain can impair visibility, making it difficult for forklift operators to see obstacles or other workers, leading to potential accidents.
3. Electrical hazards: Water can damage forklift electrical systems, increasing the risk of malfunctions or electrical shocks.
4. Wet loads: Rain can make materials or products that are being transported by a forklift wet and slippery, making them more difficult to handle and potentially causing damage.
19. Name TWO factors that determine the weight of a load.
The two factors that determine the weight of a load are the mass of the objects being lifted and the force of gravity acting on them.
20. a) What is the minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a forklift and b) explain why?
a) The minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a forklift is 3 meters, as specified by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in the UK.
b) This distance requirement is necessary to ensure the safety of both the forklift operator and others working near the trench. By maintaining a minimum distance of 3 meters, the risk of the forklift accidentally falling into the trench or causing the trench edges to collapse is reduced. This helps to prevent accidents and potential injuries, promoting a safer working environment.
21. If the forklift is being travelled or working on the public highway, including adjacent pavement and verges, the Road Traffic Act applies.
Yes, the Road Traffic Act applies to the forklift when it is being used on the public highway, including adjacent pavement and verges.
22. a) What type of licence and which classes should the operator hold and b) what is the minimum age allowed?
a) The operator of a Rough Terrain Masted Forklift should hold a valid forklift licence, specifically the Rough Terrain Masted Forklift licence. This falls under the classes a, b1, b2, and b3 of the forklift licence categories.
b) The minimum age requirement for operating a Rough Terrain Masted Forklift is 18 years old.
23. If setting up to lift and move loads in a pedestrianised area, state THREE factors that need to be taken into account.
Three factors that need to be considered when setting up a rough terrain masted forklift in a pedestrianised area are:
1. Ensuring there is adequate space for the forklift to maneuver safely without endangering pedestrians or other obstacles;
2. Obtaining any necessary permits or permissions for operating in a pedestrianized zone; and
3. Implementing measures to protect pedestrians, such as using barriers or warning signage to establish a safe work zone.
24. Compared to a duplex (double) mast: a) why would a triplex mast be fitted/used and b) what disadvantage does the mast have over the duplex?
a) A triplex mast may be fitted to a rough terrain masted forklift to provide increased lifting height. It typically has three stages, allowing the forklift to reach higher elevations. This is useful when working in environments with tall racks or high stacking requirements.
b) The main disadvantage of a triplex mast over a duplex mast is reduced visibility. The extra stage of the mast can obstruct the operator's line of sight, making it more difficult to see the load and navigate safely in tight spaces. Additionally, the triplex mast may be more complex and potentially more expensive to maintain and repair.
25. When working in a confined area or space: a) what danger can be present with regards to the counterweight of the forklift, b) when should measures be taken and c) what measures should be implemented?
a) The danger related to the counterweight of a rough terrain masted forklift is its potential to cause instability if it is not properly secured or balanced. If the counterweight shifts or becomes detached, it can lead to the forklift tipping over, increasing the risk of accidents and injuries.
b) Measures should be taken to ensure the counterweight of the forklift is secure at all times. This includes performing regular inspections to check for any signs of damage or looseness that could affect its stability.
c) If any issues are identified, immediate measures should be implemented, such as repairing or replacing damaged counterweights, tightening or repositioning them as needed, and ensuring proper attachment. Adequate training for operators is also crucial to prevent accidents related to counterweight instability.
26. During work, the engine starts to overheat. Explain the danger if someone tries to remove the radiator or expansion tank cap.
If someone tries to remove the radiator or expansion tank cap on a rough terrain masted forklift while the engine is overheating, it is dangerous because hot coolant can escape and cause severe burns. The high pressure and temperature levels within the cooling system can cause the coolant to spray out forcefully, potentially injuring the person attempting to remove the cap. Therefore, it is essential to allow the engine to cool down before any attempt is made to remove the cap and address the overheating issue.
27. What problems and hazards can soft ground cause to a loaded forklift?
Soft ground can pose several problems and hazards to a loaded forklift. The main issue is that the soft ground may not provide sufficient stability for the forklift, increasing the risk of tip-over accidents. The soil can sink under the weight, causing the forklift to become unstable. Additionally, the traction may be compromised, making it difficult for the forklift to move or maneuver properly. It is essential to assess ground conditions before operating a loaded forklift in soft ground, as it may require additional precautions or alternative equipment.
28. a) What is the purpose of a Method Statement and b) what is required of the operator?
a) The purpose of a Method Statement is to outline the sequence of steps and procedures to be followed for a specific construction task. It helps ensure that the work is carried out safely and according to regulations. It includes details about the equipment, materials, and techniques to be used, as well as any relevant risk assessments.
b) The operator of a Rough Terrain Masted Forklift is required to have the necessary qualifications and training to operate the equipment safely. They should be familiar with the manufacturer's guidelines and any specific procedures outlined in the Method Statement. They should also regularly inspect and maintain the forklift and ensure that it is used within its maximum capacity limits.
29. As a lifting machine, the forklift must be thoroughly examined. a) What is the purpose of the examination and b) who would carry out the examination?
a) The purpose of the examination is to ensure the safe operation of the rough terrain masted forklift, by identifying any defects or faults that could affect its performance or pose a hazard. It helps to prevent accidents and maintain the equipment in good working condition.
b) The examination should be carried out by a competent person who has the necessary knowledge and experience to assess the forklift's safety and compliance. This can be an individual working for the company that owns the forklift or a specialist third-party inspector.
30. What is the meaning of this hand signal (being demonstrated by the Tester)?
Without more context, it is difficult to determine the specific meaning of a hand signal. Hand signals can vary depending on the situation and the industry. It would be best to provide more information or a description of the hand signal in order to assist you in understanding its meaning.
31. If the load centre of the load is longer (increased) than stipulated for the model of forklift, what effect does it have on the lifting capacity of the machine?
If the load centre of the load is longer than recommended for the specific model of rough terrain masted forklift, it will have a detrimental effect on the lifting capacity of the machine. The load capacity of a forklift is based on a specified load centre, which is the point where the load is intended to be placed on the forks. If the load centre is longer, it shifts the weight distribution and can overload the machine, causing instability and potentially leading to accidents or damage. It is crucial to adhere to the prescribed load centre specifications for the safe operation of the forklift.
32. a) What is meant by the load centre and b) why must it be known for each lift?
a) The load centre refers to the horizontal distance from the forklift's forks to the load's center of gravity. It affects the stability and balance of the lift.
b) Knowing the load centre for each lift is crucial as it helps determine the forklift's lifting capacity and stability. Different load centres alter the forklift's weight distribution, affecting its ability to safely lift and carry loads. Not knowing the load centre may lead to overloading, tipping, or other safety hazards.
33. State FOUR checks that should be made to the forks.
1. Check the forks for any signs of damage, such as cracks, bends, or excessive wear.
2. Inspect the fork tips for any signs of wear or deformations that could affect their ability to safely secure loads.
3. Ensure that the mounting mechanism, such as the carriage and fork locks, are in good working condition and securely attached to the mast.
4. Verify that the forks are correctly positioned and spaced, according to the manufacturer's specifications, to ensure proper load stability and balance.
34. The operator has to use a new type of forklift that they are unfamiliar with. What do Regulations (i.e. PUWER 98) and other guidance require the operator to have?
Under PUWER 98, the operator of a rough terrain masted forklift must have adequate training and be competent to operate the equipment safely. They should receive specific training on the safe use of the forklift, including its controls, stability, and operating procedures. Additionally, they should be provided with comprehensive information and instruction on the equipment, such as the manufacturer's manual and any specific hazards associated with its use. It is important to ensure that the operator has practical experience and ongoing supervision until they become proficient in operating the forklift safely.
35. What THREE items must be printed on a forklift's rating plate?
Three items that must be printed on a forklift's rating plate are:
1. Maximum lifting capacity,
2. Load center distance, and
3. Maximum lift height.
36. If the operator has loaded the machine onto a transporter/trailer on behalf of a driver, what checks must be carried out before they leave the cab?
Before leaving the cab, the operator should perform a quick check to ensure that the machine is securely loaded onto the transporter/trailer. This includes confirming that the machine is properly positioned and stable, with the brakes applied and the mast lowered. Operator should also check that any attachments are secured and that the machine's operational controls are in a safe position. Lastly, the operator should ensure that all lights and signals on the transporter/trailer are working correctly, and that any required paperwork or documentation is properly completed and ready for transport.
37. Name SIX possible proximity hazards that may be encountered on site when travelling with a load.
Possible proximity hazards when travelling with a load on a construction site include:
1. Uneven surfaces that could cause the forklift to tip over or the load to shift.
2. Other vehicles or machinery in close proximity that may lead to collisions.
3. Pedestrians or workers moving around the site who could accidentally come into contact with the forklift or its load.
4. Overhead obstructions such as power lines, low-hanging structures, or trees that could pose a danger.
5. Hazardous materials or waste that could be disturbed or dropped when travelling.
6. Poor visibility due to dust, fog, or other adverse weather conditions.
38. Using the Operator's Manual, state the figure for the tyre pressures. Note: The Operator's Manual for the machine being used for the test MUST be available for reference by the candidate.
Refer to the Operator's Manual for the recommended tyre pressures for the rough terrain masted forklift being used for the test. It is vital to have the Operator's Manual available for reference during the test. The specific figure for the tyre pressures will be outlined in the manual.
39. Before picking up a load, why should the forks be equally spaced or distanced on the carriage?
Ensuring that the forks are equally spaced or distanced on the carriage of a rough terrain masted forklift is important for several reasons. First, it helps maintain stability and balance when lifting and carrying loads, reducing the risk of tipping or imbalance. Second, it allows for better weight distribution and minimizes stress on the forklift and its components. Finally, it ensures that the load is properly supported and can be handled safely and efficiently. Overall, equal spacing of the forks promotes safety and operational effectiveness.
40. Give FOUR reasons that may cause the machine to tip forwards.
Four reasons a rough terrain masted forklift may tip forwards are:
1. Overloading the front of the machine, exceeding its maximum carrying capacity and shifting the center of gravity forward.
2. Accelerating or braking abruptly, causing an imbalance and forward tilt.
3. Operating on uneven terrain or slopes, where the front wheels may lose traction and the machine could tip forward.
4. Turning too sharply or too quickly, causing a loss of stability and forward tipping.
41. Before leaving the cab for a rest break, after parking and switching off the machine, what final action must be carried out?
Before leaving the cab of a rough terrain masted forklift for a rest break, the final action that must be carried out is to lower the forks fully to the ground and engage the parking brake securely. This ensures the safety of the machine and prevents any accidental movement while unattended.
42. Before loading an uncoupled trailer, what THREE precautions must be taken?
First, ensure that the forklift operator is fully trained and competent in operating a rough terrain masted forklift. Second, inspect the uncoupled trailer to ensure it is stable, has secure chocking devices, and is suitable for loading. Third, verify that the load is within the forklift's capacity and securely placed on a suitable pallet or platform. These precautions will help minimize the risk of accidents, ensure the safety of the operator and others, and protect the integrity of the load and equipment.
43. What does The Health and Safety at Work Act require employers to do with regards specifically to plant?
The Health and Safety at Work Act requires employers to ensure that plant, including a rough terrain masted forklift, is safe for its intended use, properly maintained, and properly operated. Employers must provide adequate information, instruction, training, and supervision regarding the use of the plant. They must also conduct regular inspections and risk assessments to identify and manage any potential hazards associated with the plant. Additionally, employers must ensure that only competent operators are authorized to use the plant, and they must provide suitable personal protective equipment as necessary.
44. What are FOUR safety checks that should be made before loading or unloading a suitable vehicle?
1. Ensure that the rough terrain masted forklift is in good mechanical condition, with all safety features and systems working properly.
2. Check the stability of the ground where the forklift will be operated, ensuring it can support the weight of both the forklift and the load.
3. Inspect the load to ensure it is securely packaged, properly balanced, and within the rated capacity of the forklift.
4. Verify that the suitable vehicle being loaded or unloaded is parked on a level surface, with the brakes engaged and the wheels properly chocked to prevent any movement.
45. Name THREE ways in which an operator can minimise their impact upon the environment whilst using the machine.
Operators of rough terrain masted forklifts can minimize their environmental impact by:
1. Adhering to proper maintenance procedures to ensure the machine is working efficiently and emitting fewer harmful emissions.
2. Utilizing appropriate fuel types, such as low-sulfur diesel, to reduce air pollution.
3. Practicing effective load management techniques to minimize fuel consumption and reduce carbon emissions.
By following these steps, operators can contribute to a greener and more sustainable construction industry.
46. Name FOUR factors to consider and know before picking up a load.
1. Weight and Load Capacity: Ensure that the forklift is capable of handling the weight of the load without exceeding its maximum load capacity. Exceeding the load capacity can lead to accidents and damage to the forklift.
2. Load Stability: Assess the stability of the load to ensure that it is properly balanced and secure. Unstable loads can shift during lifting, increasing the risk of accidents.
3. Centre of Gravity: Know the load's center of gravity and make sure that it is within the forklift's stability range. Loads with higher centers of gravity require extra caution during lifting and transport.
4. Load Size and Shape: Consider the size and shape of the load to ensure that the forklift's forks or attachments are suitable for handling it safely. Irregularly shaped or oversized loads may require special precautions or different equipment.
47. When placing onto or lifting a load from a loading out tower: a) why must the forklift's handbrake be on and the transmission in neutral and b) what would be the consequences if this was not done?
a) The handbrake must be engaged and the transmission in neutral on a rough terrain masted forklift for safety reasons. This helps prevent unintended movement of the forklift, ensuring that it remains stationary while loading, unloading, or during any maintenance work.
b) If these precautions are not followed, there could be serious consequences. The forklift could suddenly move, potentially causing accidents, injuries, or damage to property. It is crucial to always follow proper safety procedures to maintain a safe working environment.
48. If checking the oil level using a dipstick, why must gloves be worn?
Gloves must be worn while checking the oil level using a dipstick to avoid contact with hot surfaces and potential burns. Additionally, gloves provide protection against getting oil or other harmful substances on your skin. Safety precautions are crucial in any construction activity.
49. What should be known about the loading out tower before placing loads?
Before placing loads on a rough terrain masted forklift, you should know its load capacity, which is the maximum weight it can safely lift. Ensure that the load does not exceed this limit, as it can be dangerous and cause accidents. Additionally, consider the load's dimensions and how it will affect the stability of the forklift. Make sure the load is centered and properly secured to avoid any imbalance or shifting during lifting and transportation. Finally, be aware of any specific guidelines or restrictions provided by the manufacturer for loading out tower operations.
50. Explain THREE checks that should be made to the mast lift chains.
Three checks that should be made to the mast lift chains on a rough terrain masted forklift are:
1. Inspect for any visible signs of damage, such as kinks, twists, or excessive wear.
2. Ensure that the chain tension is properly adjusted according to manufacturer's guidelines.
3. Lubricate the chains regularly with appropriate grease to prevent corrosion and maintain smooth operation. Remember to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for inspection frequency and maintenance procedures.
51. What THREE main duties of The Health and Safety at Work Act must employees follow?
The main duties of employees under the Health and Safety at Work Act are to take reasonable care of their own health and safety and that of others who may be affected by their actions, to cooperate with their employer on health and safety matters, and to use any safety equipment provided.
52. What are the possible outcomes of facing prosecution for not complying with legislation and regulations?
Facing prosecution for not complying with legislation and regulations can lead to various outcomes. These may include legal consequences such as fines, penalties, or imprisonment, depending on the severity of the infringement. Moreover, it can damage your reputation, impact your business operations, and result in potential loss of contracts or licenses. It is essential to abide by the relevant legislation and regulations to avoid such consequences and ensure the safety, compliance, and sustainability of your construction activities. Consult a legal expert or regulatory authority for specific guidance in your situation.
53. How is it possible that forklifts can still tip over, even when travelling on gentle gradients, are not overloaded and not being driven at excessive speed?
Forklifts can tip over due to various factors, even under seemingly normal conditions. The center of gravity is crucial, and if it shifts outside the stability triangle, the forklift may tip. Uneven ground, including gentle gradients, can affect stability. Additionally, load irregularities, such as uneven weight distribution or unsecured loads, can impact balance. Other factors may include sudden turns, quick stops, or driving on slippery surfaces. Regular maintenance, proper training, and adhering to safe operating procedures help mitigate the risk of forklift tipping.
54. Using the Operator's Manual, state the cold-starting procedure for the machine. Note: The Operator's Manual for the machine being used for the test MUST be available for reference by the candidate.
Refer to the Operator's Manual for the specific cold-starting procedure of the rough terrain masted forklift. The manual provides detailed instructions to ensure safe and effective cold starting. Make sure the manual is readily accessible for reference during the test. Following the manufacturer's guidelines is crucial for proper machine operation and maintenance.
55. List SIX typical subject areas that should be covered in a site induction.
In a site induction for a rough terrain masted forklift, six typical subject areas to cover are:
1. Health and safety procedures, including lifting and moving loads safely,
2. Operating instructions specific to the forklift model,
3. Emergency procedures and first aid,
4. Site-specific hazards and precautions, such as uneven terrain or restricted areas,
5. Personal protective equipment requirements, and
6. Reporting incidents or near misses. It's important to provide concise and clear information to ensure workers are aware of the necessary precautions and procedures while working on the site with the forklift.
56. What is the purpose of a roll or ROPS frame?
A roll or ROPS (Roll-Over Protective Structure) frame is designed to protect the operator in the event of a roll-over incident. It prevents the roof of the forklift from collapsing inwards, keeping the operator safe from injury. The frame is designed to provide structural strength and stability during a roll-over, ensuring that the cabin remains intact. It is a crucial safety feature, particularly for rough terrain forklifts working in unpredictable conditions.
57. After placing a load, who is responsible for ensuring the load is safe?
The responsibility for ensuring the safety of the load lies with the operator of the rough terrain masted forklift. It is the operator's duty to properly secure the load and ensure it is stable before moving it. They should follow relevant guidelines and procedures, including checking the load capacity limits, using appropriate attachments if needed, and securing the load with proper restraints. Ongoing vigilance by the operator is essential to maintain the safety of the load throughout its transportation.
58. State the possible effect of lifting a load whilst facing downhill on a slope.
Lifting a load while facing downhill on a slope can have several potential effects. Firstly, it may increase instability, as the forklift's center of gravity is shifted forward due to the slope. This can lead to tipping or loss of control. Secondly, it may increase the risk of the load shifting or falling off the forks, as the downward slope can cause the load to slide forward. Additionally, the forklift's braking ability may be compromised due to the downhill slope, which can impact overall safety. Therefore, caution is advised when lifting loads on slopes.
59. An operator has to travel a forklift on the public highway, for which The Road Traffic Act applies. List SIX requirements that must be followed.
To legally operate a forklift on a public highway, the operator must adhere to the following requirements in accordance with The Road Traffic Act:
1. Possess a valid driving license or appropriate permit for operating a forklift on public roads.
2. Ensure the forklift is properly registered and displays the correct number plates.
3. Comply with the speed limits and traffic regulations set by local authorities.
4. Maintain the forklift in a roadworthy condition, including functional lights, brakes, and mirrors.
5. Have valid insurance coverage to provide protection in the event of accidents or damages.
6. Follow any additional regulations or restrictions specific to the area of operation.
These requirements aim to ensure safety and legal compliance during forklift operation on public highways.
60. Name FOUR different types or levels of disciplinary actions or sanctions that can be applied (by employers and judicial bodies) to operators of plant who do not comply with, or follow legislation and regulations.
Four types or levels of disciplinary actions that can be applied to operators of plant who do not comply with legislation and regulations are: written warnings, suspension, termination of employment, and legal penalties. Written warnings serve as a formal notification of non-compliance and can be used to establish a record of misconduct. Suspension involves temporarily removing an operator from their duties as a consequence of non-compliance. Termination of employment is the permanent dismissal of an operator's contract due to repeated or severe non-compliance. Legal penalties can be imposed by judicial bodies, such as fines or imprisonment, depending on the nature and severity of the non-compliance.
61. How can a qualification or card benefit a plant operator?
A qualification or card can benefit a plant operator by providing them with recognized proof of their competence and knowledge in operating a rough terrain masted forklift. It increases their employability and career prospects within the construction industry. It also demonstrates their commitment to health and safety standards, reduces risk of accid
62. Name THREE conditions that mirrors on the machine must be in.
Mirrors on a rough terrain masted forklift must be in three conditions: clean, properly adjusted, and unbroken.
63. What is the purpose of the counterweight of the machine?
The counterweight of a rough terrain masted forklift provides stability and balance to the machine. It counteracts the weight of the load being lifted, preventing the forklift from tipping forward. This allows the forklift to safely operate on uneven and rough terrain without compromising stability.
64. When parking the machine at the end of the shift, name THREE places where the machine should NOT be parked.
The rough terrain masted forklift should NOT be parked on uneven ground, obstructing emergency exits, or in front of fire hydrants.
65. The operator has been asked to drive the machine onto a transporter/trailer. a) Who is responsible for the loading operations and b) state FOUR actions to be considered by the operator before loading commences?
a) The responsibility for loading operations of a Rough Terrain Masted Forklift lies with the trained operator.
b) Four actions to be considered by the operator before loading commences are:
1. Conducting a pre-operational inspection of the forklift to ensure it is in proper working condition.
2. Ensuring that the forklift is on stable ground to prevent tipping or instability during loading.
3. Evaluating the dimensions and weight of the load to determine if it can be safely lifted and transported by the forklift.
4. Assessing the surrounding area for any potential hazards or obstructions that could affect the loading process.
66. Give THREE reasons why it is important that a forklift is not leaning sideways before attempting to lift or place a load.
Firstly, leaning sideways compromises the stability of the forklift, increasing the risk of tipping over, which can cause serious accidents and injuries. Secondly, a forklift should be in a level position to ensure proper weight distribution and balance when lifting or placing a load. Leaning sideways can shift the center of gravity, making it difficult to maintain control. Thirdly, a forklift needs to maintain stability to prevent any damage to the load being lifted or placed. Leaning sideways can lead to uncontrolled movements, resulting in potential damage to the load and disrupt operations.
67. a) Name THREE purposes of the raised lugs on tyres and b) what can happen to a forklift if the lugs are severely worn?
a) The raised lugs on tyres of a rough terrain masted forklift serve three main purposes:
1. Improved traction: The lugs provide better grip on uneven or slippery surfaces, allowing for efficient movement of the forklift.
2. Greater stability: The lugs help in keeping the forklift balanced and steady while working on rough terrains.
3. Enhanced durability: The lugs act as a protective layer, reducing wear and tear on the tyres and providing longevity.
b) If the lugs on a forklift's tyres are severely worn, it can lead to several issues:
1. Reduced traction: The forklift may struggle to maintain grip on surfaces, posing a safety risk.
2. Lack of stability: Worn lugs can compromise the forklift's stability, potentially causing it to tip over.
3. Increased tyre damage: Without proper lugs, the tyres may experience accelerated wear and tear, leading to frequent replacements and higher maintenance costs.
68. Forklift operations fall within the scope of the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998. Name TWO requirements of the act with regards to lifting.
LOLER 1998 requires employers to ensure that lifting operations are planned, supervised, and executed in a safe manner. The two requirements of the act are:
1. Thorough examination of lifting equipment, including forklifts, by a competent person at regular intervals determined by the risk assessment.
2. Provision of appropriate training and supervision for operators of forklifts, ensuring their competence to safely operate the equipment.
69. Why are forklift operators generally regarded as 'safety-critical' workers?
Forklift operators are considered safety-critical workers because they operate heavy machinery that can pose significant risks to both themselves and others if not properly managed. They need to adhere to strict safety protocols to minimize the chances of accidents, injuries, and damage. Operating in various environments such as rough terrains further increases the importance of their role. Any oversight or negligence in their duties can lead to serious consequences, making their job safety-critical. Regular training, certification, and compliance with safety regulations help ensure the safe operation of forklifts.
70. What are the THREE actions or stages that a forklift operator undertakes during pre-use inspections?
During pre-use inspections, a forklift operator typically undertakes three actions or stages:
1. visual inspection to check for visible damages or defects,
2. functional check to test the forklift's controls, brakes, and safety features, and
3. documentation review to ensure that necessary records, such as maintenance logbooks and inspection reports, are in order. These steps help identify any issues or concerns with the forklift before it is operated, ensuring the safety and proper functioning of the equipment.
71. Before manually changing any attachment: a) where should the attachment be positioned (in relation to the ground) and b) why?
a) The attachment should be positioned slightly above the ground, ensuring that it is not touching the ground. This allows for easy and safe fitting of the attachment without any obstructions.
b) The reason for positioning the attachment slightly above the ground is to ensure there is enough clearance for the forklift operator to access and secure the attachment properly. This prevents any risks of damage to the attachment or the forklift, and ensures that the attachment is securely in place before operations commence.