1. Why are plant operators generally regarded as 'safety-critical' workers?
Plant operators are considered 'safety-critical' because their role involves operating heavy machinery and equipment in potentially hazardous environments. Their actions directly influence the safety of themselves, colleagues, and the public. Any errors or lapses in concentration could result in serious accidents, injuries, or damage. Therefore, plant operators must undergo rigorous training and adhere to strict safety protocols to minimize risks and maintain a safe working environment. Their skills, attentiveness, and adherence to safety procedures are of utmost importance in preventing accidents and maintaining overall safety within the construction industry.
2. Name the FOUR key causes of accidents that could occur during screening operations.
The four key causes of accidents during screening operations are inadequate training, equipment malfunction, lack of personal protective equipment, and poor adherence to safety procedures.
3. What is the definition of, or how can a hazard be described?
A hazard in construction refers to anything with the potential to cause harm, injury, or damage. It can include physical hazards such as exposed electrical wires or falling objects, chemical hazards like toxic substances, biological hazards such as exposure to bacteria or viruses, and ergonomic hazards like poor workstation setups. Hazards can also be categorized as environmental, such as extreme weather conditions or unstable terrain. Identifying and describing hazards is crucial in order to implement appropriate control measures and ensure the safety of construction workers and anyone affected by the construction activities.
4. Why should discharge stockpiles not be allowed to reach conveyor height?
Discharge stockpiles should not be allowed to reach conveyor height because it can lead to material spillage and safety hazards. High stockpiles can cause material to topple or slide off, potentially injuring workers and damaging equipment. Maintaining a safe distance between the stockpile and conveyor height ensures that material can be loaded onto the conveyor smoothly and without incident. Additionally, keeping the stockpile below conveyor height allows for better control and management of the material flow, reducing the risk of blockages or disruptions during the conveying process.
5. If the operator has to top-up the hydraulic oil, state TWO precautions to ensure cleanliness of the system.
Two precautions to ensure cleanliness of the hydraulic system when topping up the hydraulic oil are:
1. Use a clean and dedicated container for storing and transferring the hydraulic oil. Avoid using containers that have been used for other substances to prevent contamination.
2. Clean the area around the filler cap before opening it to prevent dirt and debris from falling into the hydraulic system. This can be done using a clean cloth or lint-free paper towel.
6. a) Which part of the screener applies loading or pressure to the ground and b) name ONE way that pressure can be reduced.
a) The part of the screener that applies loading or pressure to the ground is usually the screener's wheels or tracks.
b) One way to reduce pressure is by using wider wheels or tracks to distribute the load over a larger surface area, thus reducing the pressure applied to the ground.
7. What is the purpose of the sizing bars on the hopper feed?
The purpose of sizing bars on the hopper feed of a screener is to separate larger materials from smaller ones. These bars help to control the flow of material into the screening machine by allowing only appropriately-sized particles to pass through. This helps to prevent oversized material from damaging the machine and ensures that only the desired size of material is processed.
8. a) When would a harness be used and b) what determines how or what type is used?
a) A harness is used in situations where there is a risk of falling from a height, such as working on scaffolding or roofs. It provides support and helps prevent serious injury or death from falls.
b) The type of harness used depends on several factors, including the specific task being performed, the level of risk involved, and any regulatory requirements. Factors include the specific job requirements, the type of work environment, the length of time the harness will be worn, and any additional safety equipment that needs to be worn alongside the harness. It is important to consider all relevant factors when determining the appropriate type of harness to use.
9. If checking the oil level using a dipstick, why must gloves be worn?
Gloves should be worn when checking the oil level using a dipstick to protect the hands from coming into contact with any hot surfaces or oil. This helps prevent burns or skin irritations. Additionally, gloves can provide a barrier against any dirt or contaminants on the dipstick, ensuring a more accurate oil level reading.
10. What is the effect on the screening operation if the screen box is raised?
Raising the screen box in a screening operation can affect the material flow and separation efficiency. It can increase the angle of material slope, promoting faster material flow and improved screening efficiency. However, it can also lead to reduced retention time for the material on the screen, potentially impacting the quality of the separation. Care should be taken to ensure that the raised screen box does not cause material to overflow or create excessive turbulence that may hinder effective screening. Balancing the screen box height with the desired flow and separation requirements is crucial.
11. What TWO problems can wet weather cause?
Wet weather can cause two main problems in the construction industry: delays and compromised safety. Rain and wet conditions can hinder the progress of construction projects by making it difficult to work outdoors or carry out certain tasks such as pouring concrete. Wet conditions can also create slippery surfaces, increasing the risk of accidents and injuries on construction sites.
12. If parking a mobile unit away from the working area, name THREE places where the machine should NOT be parked.
When parking a mobile unit away from the working area, it should not be parked in the following places:
1. Fire escape routes or emergency exits, as these need to remain clear for safety purposes.
2. Access roads or thoroughfares that could block traffic or hinder movement onsite.
3. Areas with unstable ground or in close proximity to excavation works, as this poses a risk of destabilization or damage.
13. What THREE main duties of the Health and Safety at Work Act must employees follow?
Employees must follow three main duties under the Health and Safety at Work Act. Duty number one: Taking reasonable care of their own health and safety, as well as that of others who may be affected by their actions or omissions. Duty number two: Co-operating with their employers and following any health and safety instructions given to them. Duty number three: Not interfering with or misusing anything provided for their health and safety. These duties are important for maintaining a safe working environment and preventing accidents.
14. Give THREE reasons that may cause a mobile screener to tip over sideways during travel.
Three reasons a mobile screener may tip over sideways during travel are: uneven ground, excessive speed, and improper loading or distribution of weight. Uneven ground increases the risk of instability, while excessive speed can reduce control and increase the likelihood of tipping. Improper loading or distribution of weight can cause the screener to become imbalanced and tip over. To prevent these incidents, it is important to ensure that the screener is operated at a safe speed, on level ground, and that any load is properly distributed and secured. Regular maintenance and training for operators can also help minimize the risk of tipping.
15. What problems and hazards can soft ground cause when travelling a mobile unit across a site?
Soft ground can pose several problems and hazards when moving a mobile unit on a site. Firstly, it may cause the unit to sink or become stuck, leading to delays and potential damage to the unit. Secondly, soft ground can increase the risk of accidents, as the unit may become unstable or tip over. Additionally, soft ground may make it difficult to maneuver the unit, increasing the likelihood of collisions or damage to surrounding structures. It is crucial to assess ground conditions before moving a mobile unit and take necessary precautions, such as using appropriate support or ground stabilization methods.
16. a) What is the purpose of a Method Statement and b) what is required of the operator?
a) The purpose of a Method Statement is to outline the sequence of tasks, procedures, and safety measures for a specific construction activity or project. It helps communicate how the work will be carried out and identifies potential hazards and control measures to mitigate risks.
b) The operator is required to carefully follow the Method Statement, adhere to the specified procedures and safety measures, and ensure that the work is carried out in accordance with industry standards and regulations. They should have appropriate qualifications, training, and experience for the task at hand to maintain safety and quality standards.
17. If radios are to be used during the screening operations, what FOUR actions and checks must be made by the loading and screener operators before use?
1. Ensure that the radios are in good working condition.
2. Check that the batteries are fully charged or have sufficient power.
3. Verify that the radios are set to the correct frequency and channel for communication.
4. Test the radios to confirm that they are functioning properly and have clear reception and transmission.
18. Give TWO reasons why the operator should have an understanding of the type of material being loaded for screening.
Understanding the type of material being loaded for screening helps the operator to ensure proper equipment settings, such as speed and amplitude, which impact screening efficiency and quality of the final product. Secondly, it allows the operator to anticipate any potential challenges or issues that may arise during the screening process, such as blockages or excessive wear, enabling proactive actions to be taken to minimize downtime and optimize productivity.
19. Name THREE requirements of the Noise at Work Act 1994 that apply to screener operations.
The three requirements of the Noise at Work Act 1994 that apply to screener operations are:
1. Employers must assess the risks and take measures to eliminate or reduce noise exposure as far as reasonably practicable.
2. Employers must provide hearing protection to employees if noise exposure cannot be adequately controlled by other means.
3. Employers must provide information, instruction, and training to employees on the risks associated with noise, the use of hearing protection, and any control measures in place.
20. The operator has to use a new type of screener that they are unfamiliar with. What do Regulations (i.e. PUWER 98) and other guidance require the operator to have?
Regulations, such as PUWER 98, and other guidance require the operator of a new type of screener to have appropriate training, knowledge, and competence to operate the equipment safely. Operators may need specific training on how to operate and maintain the new screener, including any safety features or controls. It is important for operators to be familiar with the manufacturer's instructions and any additional guidance provided.
21. Give TWO examples of where The Work at Height Regulations may apply to screener operations.
The Work at Height Regulations may apply to screener operations when using a screener platform at an elevated height, where falls could occur. Additionally, if workers need to access or work on any parts of the screener that are at height, the regulations may apply.
22. Using the Operator's Manual, state the cold-starting procedure for the machine. Note: The Operator's Manual for the machine being used for the test MUST be available for reference by the candidate.
Refer to the Operator's Manual for the specific cold-starting procedure of the screener machine. It is important that the candidate has access to the manual for accurate guidance. The cold-starting procedure outlined in the manual should be followed for successful operation.
23. Why should a screener be re-fuelled at the end of the day?
A screener should be refuelled at the end of the day to ensure it has enough fuel for the next day's operations. Also, a full tank can prevent potential fuel-related issues during operation and optimize the efficiency of the machine. Regular refuelling also helps identify any fuel leaks or problems with the fuel system, allowing for timely maintenance and avoiding downtime. Overall, refuelling at the end of the day is a good practice to maintain a screener's performance and avoid any potential disruptions.
24. What checks should be made to stockpiled materials at the end of the working day?
At the end of the working day, stockpiled materials should be checked for any signs of damage, such as breakages or spoilage. Inspect for any potential hazards, like sharp edges or loose parts. Verify that the materials are correctly stored, allowing for proper access and avoiding risks of collapse or falling. Assess the stability of the stockpile to prevent shifting or collapse overnight. Keep an eye out for any signs of theft or unauthorized access. Regular monitoring should also be done to ensure compliance with health and safety regulations.
25. How does a trommel-type screener segregate material?
A trommel-type screener segregates material by rotating a cylindrical drum. The drum has screens of varying sizes, allowing smaller materials to fall through while larger materials continue along the length of the drum. As the drum rotates, the material inside tumbles and is lifted to the top, where it falls onto the screens. The smaller particles pass through the holes in the screens and are collected separately, while the larger particles continue to move along the drum and eventually exit at the end. The segregation is based on the size of the material and the size of the screens.
26. As far as is reasonably practical, where should screening operations be kept clear of?
Screening operations should be kept clear of any areas where there may be a risk of people or objects coming into contact with the moving parts of the screener. This includes ensuring that there is sufficient space around the equipment to allow for safe operation and maintenance. It is also important to keep the area clear of any debris or obstructions that could interfere with the operation of the screener. Regular inspections should be carried out to identify and address any potential hazards or issues.
27. Give THREE possible causes of screen-box overload.
Three possible causes of screen-box overload could be:
1. Excessive material feed rate, leading to an overload of the screen-box's capacity.
2. Blockage or accumulation of material within the screen-box, impeding its normal operation and causing an overload.
3. Inefficient or damaged screen media, causing a larger than usual amount of material to be retained within the screen-box, resulting in an overload situation.
28. During work, the engine starts to overheat. Explain the danger if someone tries to remove the radiator or expansion tank cap.
Removing the radiator or expansion tank cap while the engine is overheating can be extremely dangerous due to the high pressure and temperature of the coolant. The sudden release of pressure can cause scalding hot coolant to spray out, potentially causing severe burns or thermal injuries. In addition to the risk of injury, removing the cap while the engine is hot can also lead to further damage to the cooling system, as the sudden cooling of the engine components can cause cracking or warping. It is important to let the engine cool down before attempting any maintenance on the cooling system.
29. What are the requirements for the standing for loading excavators?
The requirements for safely operating excavators include a stable ground surface, proper training, and knowledge of weight limits. Always refer to the manufacturer's specifications for specific weight capacities, as they can vary depending on the machine. Additionally, it's crucial to ensure the ground is level and able to support the weight of the excavator. Utilizing outriggers or stabilizers may be necessary to improve stability. Operator certification and following appropriate health and safety guidelines are also essential. Regular maintenance and inspections of the equipment are important to identify any potential issues that could compromise safety.
30. How can a qualification or card benefit a plant operator?
A qualification or card can benefit a plant operator by providing evidence of their knowledge and skills, enhancing their employability and career opportunities. It demonstrates their competence and shows that they meet the required industry standards. It can also help them meet health and safety requirements, as certain qualifications or cards often include specific training on safety regulations and practices. Overall, having a qualification or card can boost a plant operator's professional credibility and potentially lead to higher wages and better job prospects.
31. What FIVE steps should be initially taken should a screener be blocked before remedial work starts?
1. Identify the cause of the blockage using inspection tools such as CCTV cameras or manual investigation.
2. Determine the extent of the blockage and assess any potential damage to the screener or surrounding infrastructure.
3. Develop a plan to remove the blockage, considering the appropriate method such as jetting, rodding, or mechanical removal.
4. Ensure that the necessary safety measures are in place before commencing any remedial work, including installing warning signs and using appropriate personal protective equipment.
5. Communicate with relevant stakeholders, such as the site supervisor or local authorities, to coordinate the remedial work and minimize disruption, if applicable.
32. What is the meaning of this hand signal (being demonstrated by the Tester)?
The hand signal being demonstrated by the tester is commonly known as the "screener" hand signal. It is used in the construction industry to indicate to crane operators or machinery operators that they need to stop or lower their equipment. It is an important safety signal to prevent accidents or injuries on the construction site.
33. Before leaving the machine for a rest break, after switching off the machine, what final action must be carried out?
Before leaving the machine for a rest break, after switching off the machine, the final action that must be carried out is conducting a thorough inspection of the machine and the work area to ensure there are no hazards or potential risks that could pose a threat to the safety of oneself or others. This is important to prevent accidents, maintain a safe working environment, and comply with health and safety regulations.
34. During an unblocking activity, even though the screener may be switched off: a) what else must be done and b) why?
During an unblocking activity, besides switching off the screener, you must also ensure that all power sources are disconnected or isolated. This is done to prevent accidental activation or movement of the equipment, which could pose a safety risk to the workers involved in the unblocking process. Disconnecting or isolating power sources helps create a safe working environment and reduces the potential for accidents.
35. When is it permitted to enter the screening chamber area?
Access to the screening chamber area is only permitted to authorized personnel. Entry is typically allowed during scheduled maintenance or inspection work, ensuring proper safety protocols are followed. It is essential to consult site-specific policies and obtain proper authorization before entering the screening chamber area.
36. How should the screener be set up to meet the production output specification?
To meet production output specification, the screener should be set up with appropriate settings for efficiency. Start by selecting the correct screening mesh size and type based on the desired final product. Adjust the angle of the screen deck to optimize material flow and reduce blinding. Ensure proper tension of the screen mesh to prevent sagging or excessive vibration. Regularly inspect and clean the screener to maintain optimal performance. Monitor and adjust feed rate and screen speed as needed to meet production targets. Regularly test and compare output against the specification to make necessary adjustments.
37. What does the Health and Safety at Work Act require employers to do with regards specifically to plant?
The Health and Safety at Work Act requires employers to ensure that plant machinery is safe to use, properly maintained, and inspected regularly. This includes providing suitable training for employees operating the plant, establishing safe working procedures, and conducting risk assessments. Employers must also take measures to prevent unauthorized use or access to plant machinery and provide information, instruction, and supervision to ensure that employees understand the risks associated with using the plant. Records of inspections and maintenance should be kept. Compliance with relevant British Standards is also important.
38. The screener operator has been asked to drive a mobile screener onto a transporter/trailer. a) Who is responsible for the loading operations and b) state FOUR actions to be considered by the operator before loading commences.
a) The screener operator is responsible for the loading operations.
b) Before loading commences, the operator should consider the following four actions:
1. Ensure the mobile screener is securely parked on a level surface.
2. Conduct a visual inspection of the transporter/trailer to ensure it is suitable and in good condition for loading.
3. Confirm that the transporter/trailer has been properly positioned and secured for loading.
4. Verify that all safety precautions, such as wearing personal protective equipment and following relevant guidelines, are in place before starting the loading process.
39. What are the possible outcomes of facing prosecution for not complying with legislation and regulations?
The potential consequences of prosecution for non-compliance with legislation and regulations in the UK construction industry vary depending on the specific offense. Penalties can include fines, imprisonment, or both. In addition, prosecution can lead to reputational damage, loss of business opportunities, and potential disqualification from future projects. It is crucial for construction professionals to understand and adhere to the applicable laws and regulations to mitigate these risks. Seek legal advice if needed.
40. Name THREE ways that a plant operator can contribute in ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor.
A plant operator can contribute to ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor by:
1. Demonstrating excellent technical skills and knowledge to deliver high-quality work consistently.
2. Communicating effectively with the client/principal contractor to understand their needs and ensure clear expectations are met.
3. Maintaining a professional and positive attitude, promoting good working relationships with all stakeholders.
41. What are the requirements for the ramps that are to be used by loading shovels loading the screener?
The ramps used by loading shovels to load the screener need to meet certain requirements. They should have a suitable gradient to allow for easy access and loading. The ramps must be strong and sturdy enough to withstand the weight and force of the loading shovels during operation. It's important to ensure that the width of the ramps is appropriate for the loading shovels and allows for safe and efficient loading. Additionally, the ramps should be equipped with appropriate edge protection to prevent accidents. Consulting relevant industry standards and considering the specific load and equipment will help determine the exact requirements.
42. a) What determines the minimum distances that any part of plant and machinery has to be kept from over head electricity lines and b) explain why a distance should be kept.
a) The minimum distances that plant and machinery must be kept from overhead electricity lines are determined by national safety regulations, such as the Electricity at Work Regulations. These regulations specify the specific minimum distances, which are based on factors such as the voltage of the electricity lines and the specific type of plant or machinery involved.
b) A distance must be kept to ensure the safety of workers and prevent accidents. Keeping a minimum distance helps to prevent contact between the machinery or plant and the overhead electricity lines, reducing the risk of electrical shock, fires, and damage to the equipment. This is important to safeguard the well-being of employees and avoid potential disruptions to the electrical supply.
43. Name FIVE items of specific PPE applicable to screener operations.
1. Safety goggles to protect the eyes from flying debris or airborne particles.
2. High visibility vest to increase visibility and aid in identifying the screener.
3. Steel-toe boots to protect the feet from potential hazards on site.
4. Ear defenders to prevent hearing damage caused by loud machinery or equipment.
5. Respiratory mask or respirator to protect against harmful dust, fumes, or other airborne contaminants.
44. Explain SIX requirements to be taken into account when positioning a screener prior to work.
When positioning a screener prior to work, consider:
1. Accessibility: Ensure the screener is easily accessible for operators and maintenance procedures.
2. Stability: Place it on a stable surface or foundation to prevent vibration and movement during operation.
3. Safety: Keep the screener away from hazardous areas and ensure clear access and visibility around it.
4. Power source: Position the screener near a suitable power source, such as electrical outlets or fuel supplies.
5. Environmental factors: Take into account factors like wind direction, sunlight, and noise levels in the surrounding area.
6. Material flow: Position the screener in a way that optimizes the flow of material, such as with adequate space for loading and unloading.
45. Using the Operator's Manual, state the procedure for adjusting conveyor belt tension. Note: The Operator's Manual for the machine being used for the test MUST be available for reference by the candidate.
To adjust conveyor belt tension, refer to the Operator's Manual provided for the machine being used. Follow the specific procedure mentioned in the manual. The manual provides detailed instructions and safety guidelines for adjusting the tension of the conveyor belt. Make sure to have the Operator's Manual on hand during the procedure as it contains essential information tailored to the specific machine used.
46. Name FOUR different types or levels of disciplinary actions or sanctions that can be applied (by employers and judicial bodies) to operators of plant who do not comply with, or follow legislation and regulations.
Four types or levels of disciplinary actions or sanctions that can be applied to operators of plant who do not comply with legislation and regulations are:
1. Verbal warning: A spoken admonition to remind the operator of their responsibilities.
2. Written warning: A formal written notice outlining the non-compliance and warning of further consequences.
3. Suspension: Temporarily preventing the operator from performing their duties as a result of serious non-compliance.
4. Termination: The employer ending the employment contract due to repeated or severe non-compliance. Judicial bodies may also impose fines or imprisonment for serious breaches.
47. If setting up to work near a pedestrianised area, state THREE factors that need to be taken into account.
When setting up to work near a pedestrianised area, consider these three factors:
1. Traffic Management: Implement appropriate measures to manage traffic flow. This may involve barriers, signs, and designated routes for vehicles to ensure the safety of pedestrians.
2. Noise Control: Utilize techniques and equipment to minimize noise levels, as pedestrianised areas are typically intended to be quiet and peaceful. Consider using quieter machinery or implementing noise barriers to prevent disruption to pedestrians.
3. Dust and Debris: Take steps to control dust and debris generated during construction activities. Use dust suppression methods, such as water sprays or enclosing construction areas, to prevent dust pollution and maintain cleanliness in the pedestrianised area.
Remember, consult with local authorities and follow any regulations or guidelines specific to your location.
48. a) What is meant by roll back and b) how can it be prevented?
a) Roll back in construction is when a structure or material moves or collapses in a reverse direction. It is usually caused by factors like unstable ground, insufficient support, or improper installation. Roll back can result in serious safety risks and costly damage.
b) To prevent roll back, it is important to ensure proper design, installation, and maintenance of structures. This includes assessing the ground conditions, using appropriate foundation techniques, and ensuring adequate bracing and support. Regular inspections and monitoring can help identify potential issues and allow for timely corrective measures. Following industry standards, guidelines, and best practices can also help prevent roll back incidents.
49. Where should the screener's Operator's Manual be kept and why?
The screener's Operator's Manual should be kept in a readily accessible location on-site, preferably near the screener itself. This is important for several reasons. Firstly, it ensures that the manual is always within reach for reference or troubleshooting purposes. Secondly, it helps to promote adherence to important safety procedures and operating instructions. Thirdly, it allows operators to quickly consult the manual in case of any issues or uncertainties. Overall, keeping the Operator's Manual near the screener enhances operational efficiency, safety, and informed decision-making.
50. Name THREE ways in which an operator can minimise their impact upon the environment whilst using the machine.
To minimize environmental impact while using a machine, an operator can:
1. Ensure proper maintenance and regular inspection of the machine to prevent leaks, emissions, and excessive noise pollution.
2. Adopt energy-efficient practices, such as optimizing machine settings and reducing idle time to conserve fuel consumption.
3. Properly dispose of waste materials, like oil, filters, and other hazardous substances, in accordance with environmental regulations.
51. Apart from the operator, who else may need to use the machine's Operator's Manual?
Other individuals who may need to refer to the machine's Operator's Manual include maintenance technicians, supervisors, and safety personnel.
52. a) Where is the spreader located and b) what is its purpose?
a) The spreader is located on top of the screener machine.
b) The purpose of the spreader is to evenly distribute the material being screened across the surface of the screen, ensuring an efficient and uniform screening process.
53. If fitted, when using water suppression, where should the water be applied?
When using water suppression with a screener, the water should be applied directly to the material being screened. This helps to control dust and reduce airborne particles. It is important to ensure that the water is evenly distributed across the material, avoiding excessive saturation or pooling. Applying water in the right amount and at the right location will help to suppress dust effectively and maintain efficient screening operations.
54. a) What is the minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a mobile screener and b) explain why?
a) The minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a mobile screener is typically 3 meters.
b) This distance requirement is in place to ensure the safety of workers and prevent accidents. Operating heavy machinery near open trenches poses risks of machine instability, cave-ins, and falling objects. Therefore, maintaining a safe distance helps reduce the likelihood of accidents and injuries.
55. List SIX typical subject areas that should be covered in a site induction.
Safety procedures, emergency protocols, site rules and regulations, personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements, site layout and hazards, communication channels
56. What are the THREE actions or stages that a screener operator undertakes during pre-use inspections?
The three actions or stages that a screener operator undertakes during pre-use inspections are: visual inspection, functional check, and documentation. Visual inspection involves examining the machine for physical damage or signs of wear that could affect its operation. Functional check includes verifying that all controls and components are working properly, such as the engine, conveyor belts, and hydraulic systems. Documentation involves recording any issues or maintenance requirements found during the inspection.
57. Name THREE types of conveyor that may be used on a screener.
Belt conveyors, vibrating conveyors, and screw conveyors are commonly used types of conveyors on screeners.
58. What is the purpose of a risk assessment?
The purpose of a risk assessment is to identify and evaluate potential hazards and risks in a given situation or activity. It helps to determine the likelihood and severity of these risks and provides the necessary information to implement appropriate control measures. Ultimately, a risk assessment aims to ensure the health and safety of individuals involved, mitigate potential harm or damage, comply with legal obligations, and improve overall risk management within a project or organization.
59. List TWO items that should be considered if the operator is working alone for long periods.
When working alone for long periods, two key considerations for the operator are ensuring personal safety and maintaining productivity. Firstly, it is important to have a reliable communication system in place, such as a mobile phone or radio, to stay connected and summon help if needed. Additionally, regular check-ins with a designated contact person can provide reassurance. Secondly, organizing tasks efficiently, having clear objectives, and prioritizing workload can help the operator stay focused and maintain productivity throughout the solitary work period.
60. If a trench has a depth of 2 metres: a) what is the minimum distance to maintain from the edge of the trench when forming stockpiles and b) explain why?
a) The minimum distance to maintain from the edge of the trench when forming stockpiles is 2 meters.
b) This is to ensure that the stockpiles do not collapse into the trench, posing a safety risk to workers. By maintaining a distance of at least 2 meters, there is a buffer zone to prevent accidental collapse and protect the integrity of the trench.
61. Apart from water, name THREE other methods that can be used to minimise dust.
Apart from water, three methods to minimize dust are:
1. Dust suppression agents: These chemical solutions can be applied to surfaces to bind dust particles and prevent their dispersal.
2. Dust collection systems: Installing systems such as dust collectors or air purifiers can effectively capture and remove airborne dust particles from an area.
3. Barrier systems: Erecting physical barriers like fences or screens can help prevent dust from spreading, particularly in construction sites or areas with high levels of dust generation.
Remember to always follow proper health and safety protocols when implementing these methods.
62. For mobile screeners, when MUST a banksman/signaller be used before moving a screener?
A banksman/signaller should always be used before moving a screener, as per Health and Safety regulations. Their role is to assist in the safe movement of machinery by giving clear signals and guiding the operator. This helps to prevent accidents and ensures the safety of workers in the vicinity. Never move a screener without the presence of a banksman/signaller. Safety is paramount in construction industry practices.