1. Using the Operator's Manual, state the cold-starting procedure for the machine. Note: The Operator's Manual for the machine being used for the test MUST be available for reference by the candidate.
To cold-start a skid steer loader, kindly refer to the Operator's Manual provided. The manual will provide the specific procedure required for cold-starting the machine. It is crucial to refer to the manual as it contains manufacturer-specific instructions for safe and efficient operation. Make sure to have the Operator's Manual accessible before attempting to cold-start the skid steer loader.
2. The operator has been asked to drive the machine onto a transporter/trailer. a) Who is responsible for the loading operations and b) state FOUR actions to be considered by the operator before loading commences?
a) The operator is responsible for the loading operations.
b) Before loading commences, the operator should consider the following actions:
1. Ensure that the transporter/trailer is stable and properly positioned.
2. Assess the weight and dimensions of the skid steer loader to ensure it can be safely accommodated on the transporter/trailer.
3. Securely fasten any attachments and ensure loose items are removed.
4. Check the condition of the transporter/trailer, including its tires, brakes, and lighting, to ensure it is suitable for safe loading and transportation.
3. An operator has been asked to transport a bucket of spoil down the public highway, for which the Road Traffic Act applies. What effect can this have on this activity?
Transporting a bucket of spoil on a public highway while operating a skid steer loader could have legal implications. The Road Traffic Act applies, which means that specific rules and regulations need to be followed. The operator should ensure that the vehicle is roadworthy, has appropriate insurance, and complies with any weight or size restrictions. Additionally, the operator may need a special license or permit to transport the spoil on a public highway. Failing to comply with these requirements could lead to fines, penalties, or legal consequences. It is essential to check and adhere to the applicable laws and regulations.
4. The operator has to fit and use a new attachment using a quick-hitch coupler that they are unfamiliar with. What do Regulations (i.e. PUWER 98) and other guidance require the operator to have?
Under PUWER 98 and other relevant guidance, the operator of a skid steer loader must have adequate training and be competent in attaching and using the quick-hitch coupler. Regulations require employers to provide suitable information, instruction, and training to the operator. The training should cover the safe use of the quick-hitch coupler, including any specific procedures and controls. The operator should also be provided with the manufacturer's instructions for the attachment and be familiar with its safe installation and removal. Adequate supervision and ongoing monitoring may also be necessary to ensure safe operation.
5. The operator is asked to tip material into a trench. State FIVE different requirements that must be considered or implemented before tipping commences.
1. Ensure that the trench is properly excavated and is able to safely support the weight of the material being tipped. This may include determining the soil type, checking for any potential instability, and ensuring that the sides of the trench are adequately supported.
2. Make sure there are no obstructions or hazards within the trench that could interfere with the tipping process. This includes removing any debris, equipment, or personnel from the area.
3. Verify that the skid steer loader is positioned on stable ground and is equipped with appropriate outriggers or stabilizers to prevent tipping or overturning during the tipping operation.
4. Confirm that the skid steer loader is capable of safely handling the weight and volume of the material being tipped. Consider the loader's load capacity and stability, and ensure that the center of gravity is balanced to avoid instability.
5. Ensure that the operator is trained and competent in operating the skid steer loader, specifically for tipping operations, and is aware of the proper procedures to follow for a safe and controlled tipping process.
6. Who should determine the maximum load that should be placed into a load-transporting vehicle?
The maximum load that should be placed into a load-transporting vehicle should be determined by the manufacturer. They specify the load capacity and provide guidelines to ensure safe operation. It is important to adhere to these recommendations to avoid overloading, which can result in accidents or damage to the vehicle.
7. a) What determines the minimum distances that any part of plant and machinery has to be kept from over head electricity lines and b) explain why a distance should be kept.
a) The minimum distances that any part of plant and machinery has to be kept from overhead electricity lines are determined by safety regulations and guidelines. These distances are typically outlined by the local electricity distribution company or regulatory authority.
b) Keeping a distance from overhead electricity lines is important to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of the operators and everyone in the surrounding area. Contact with overhead electricity lines can result in electric shocks, fires, and other serious incidents. Maintaining a safe distance helps reduce the risk of such incidents and enhances overall safety on construction sites.
8. When parking the machine at the end of the shift, name THREE places where the machine should NOT be parked.
The machine should NOT be parked in front of fire exits, emergency exits, or in designated pedestrian areas.
9. If the operator has to top-up the hydraulic oil, state TWO precautions to ensure cleanliness of the system.
When topping up hydraulic oil in a skid steer loader, two precautions are recommended to maintain system cleanliness. Firstly, clean the area around the oil filler cap before removing it to prevent any dirt or debris from falling into the reservoir. Secondly, use a clean funnel or pouring device to avoid introducing contaminants into the hydraulic system. These precautions minimize the risk of dirt and foreign particles entering the system, ensuring the cleanliness and proper functioning of the hydraulic oil.
10. Skid steers may be equipped with a clamshell bucket. Name TWO functions of this type of bucket.
A clamshell bucket on a skid steer loader can perform two main functions: excavation and material handling. It can efficiently dig and remove soil or debris, making it suitable for small-scale digging projects. Additionally, it can also manipulate and transport materials, such as gravel or loose items, by closing and securing the bucket's dual jaws. Overall, the clamshell bucket enhances the versatility of the skid steer loader, allowing it to handle a wider range of tasks on construction sites.
11. If setting up to work in a pedestrianised area, state THREE factors that need to be taken into account.
When working in a pedestrianized area with a skid steer loader, three important factors to consider are:
1. Safety: Ensure that the skid steer loader is equipped with appropriate safety features, such as audible alarms and flashing lights, to warn pedestrians of its presence.
2. Noise and Emissions: Choose a skid steer loader with low noise and emissions levels, to minimize disruption and pollution in the pedestrian area.
3. Access and Maneuverability: Ensure that the skid steer loader is appropriately sized and offers good maneuverability to navigate through narrow pathways and tight spaces, minimizing any potential risks to pedestrians.
12. What is the purpose of the counterweight of the machine?
The counterweight on a skid steer loader helps maintain balance and stability. It's positioned at the rear of the machine to counterbalance the weight of the load and attachments being lifted by the front. This prevents the machine from tipping forward and enhances its overall stability during operation. Additionally, the counterweight helps distribute the weight evenly to avoid exerting excessive pressure on the front tires. Ultimately, the purpose of the counterweight is to improve safety and ensure the skid steer loader can efficiently handle heavy loads without compromising stability.
13. a) What is the minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a loaded skid steer and b) explain why?
a) The minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a loaded skid steer varies depending on the jurisdiction and local regulations. However, as a general guideline, it is recommended to maintain a safe distance of at least 1.5 times the trench depth. This helps to prevent accidents and minimize the risk of the skid steer causing a cave-in or destabilizing the trench.
b) The reason for maintaining a safe distance from open trenches when travelling with a loaded skid steer is to ensure the safety of operators and workers nearby. The weight of the loaded skid steer can exert additional pressure on the ground, potentially causing the trench walls to collapse or the skid steer to tip over. Keeping a safe distance reduces the risk of accidents and protects against potential fatalities or injuries.
14. What problems and hazards can soft ground cause to a loaded skid steer?
Soft ground can present several problems and hazards for a loaded skid steer loader. Firstly, the machine's wheels or tracks may sink into the ground, reducing stability and potentially causing the loader to tip over. Secondly, the soft ground can make it difficult for the loader to move smoothly, leading to reduced traction and increased risk of skidding or sliding. Additionally, the soft ground may create challenges when maneuvering or turning, increasing the likelihood of getting stuck or losing control of the loader. It is crucial to exercise caution and assess ground conditions to avoid such risks.
15. How can a qualification or card benefit a plant operator?
A qualification or card can benefit a plant operator in several ways. Firstly, it demonstrates their competence and expertise in operating the equipment, which can enhance their employability and career prospects. Secondly, it ensures that they are aware of industry best practices and safety regulations, reducing the risk of accidents or damage. Thirdly, in some cases, it may be a legal requirement to hold a specific qualification or card to operate certain types of machinery. Overall, obtaining a qualification or card can provide credibility, improve job prospects, and ensure compliance with regulations.
16. If checking the oil level using a dipstick, why must gloves be worn?
Gloves are necessary when checking the oil level using a dipstick to protect your hands from potential oil spills or contact with hot engine components. It is a safety precaution to prevent skin irritation, burns, or other injuries. Always prioritize personal safety when working with machinery and use appropriate protective gear.
17. State TWO requirements of using a stop block or earth bank (berm) at a trench discharging point.
Using a stop block or earth bank at a trench discharging point has two requirements. First, it should be positioned in a way that prevents the skid steer loader from accidentally driving or tipping into the trench. Second, the stop block or earth bank should have sufficient strength and stability to withstand the force exerted by the loader if it were to come into contact with it. These measures ensure the safety of workers and prevent accidents at the trench discharging point.
18. What is regarded as the most productive position for the vehicle to be in when being loaded by a skid steer working from a stockpile?
The most productive position for the vehicle to be in when being loaded by a skid steer from a stockpile would be parallel to the stockpile. This allows for efficient loading of the material onto the vehicle, minimizing the time taken to complete the process.
19. On non self-levelling buckets, what problem can occur if a fully loaded bucket is raised to full height?
When a fully loaded bucket is raised to its full height on non self-levelling skid steer loaders, it can potentially cause the load to shift or become unbalanced. This can result in the machine becoming unstable or tipping over, posing a significant safety risk to both the operator and the surrounding environment. It is crucial to follow proper loading and operating procedures to ensure the stability and safe use of the skid steer loader.
20. Name FOUR different types or levels of disciplinary actions or sanctions that can be applied (by employers and judicial bodies) to operators of plant who do not comply with, or follow legislation and regulations.
The four types of disciplinary actions or sanctions that can be applied to operators of plant who do not comply with legislation and regulations are:
1. Verbal Warning: A non-formal warning issued verbally to the operator for their non-compliance with legislation and regulations.
2. Written Warning: A more formal warning issued in writing to the operator, documenting their non-compliance and the consequences of further violations.
3. Suspension: Temporary removal of the operator's work privileges as a consequence of repeated non-compliance.
4. Termination: Permanent dismissal of the operator from their employment due to continuous non-compliance or serious violations.
21. Why should a skid steer not be travelled if there is no attachment/bucket fitted to the loader arms?
A skid steer should not be traveled without an attachment/bucket because it compromises stability and control. Without an attachment, the loader arms are not properly balanced, increasing the risk of tipping. The weight distribution is key to maintaining good traction and maneuverability. Additionally, the arms provide better stability by acting as counterbalances. It is important to adhere to manufacturer guidelines for safe operation and not to use a skid steer without the appropriate attachment in place.
22. Explain ALL visual checks that must be carried out on all types of quick-hitch bucket attaching systems before use.
Visual checks for quick-hitch bucket attaching systems include examining for any signs of wear, damage, or misalignment in the components, such as pins, locking mechanisms, and couplers. Inspect for loose or missing bolts, cracks, or distortion in the attachment points. Ensure that the safety latches are intact and functioning correctly. Look for any debris, dirt, or foreign objects that may prevent proper attachment. Verify that all parts move smoothly and without restrictions. Check for any leaks or damaged hydraulic hoses. Assess the condition of the bucket itself, including any signs of dents, cracks, or excessive wear.
23. Describe ONE physical method of checking that the attachment is fully secured to the coupler prior to work.
To ensure attachment is fully secured to the coupler, visually inspect the latch mechanism for engagement. Check for any visible gaps or misalignments which suggest incomplete connection. Tug on the attachment to verify tightness. If the attachment remains firmly attached, it is likely secure. Remember to follow the manufacturer's guidelines regarding secure attachment procedures as different models have varying specifications.
24. Give TWO reasons why the skid steer operator should have an understanding of the type of material being loaded.
The skid steer operator should understand the type of material being loaded for two reasons: First, it helps determine the appropriate load capacity and weight distribution for safe operation. Second, it enables the operator to select the proper attachments and handling techniques to optimize efficiency.
25. How can a skid steer turn around within its own area?
A skid steer can turn within its own area due to its unique design. It uses a skid-steer system, where the wheels or tracks on each side can be independently controlled. By applying power to the wheels or tracks on one side while slowing down or stopping the wheels or tracks on the other side, the skid steer can pivot in place. This differential drive system allows for tight turns and maneuverability in confined spaces.
26. If access or egress to/from the cab has to be via the front of the machine, state two precautions to be observed before exiting the machine.
Two precautions to be observed before exiting a skid steer loader through the front are:
1. Ensure the engine is turned off and the ignition key is removed to prevent accidental movement.
2. Engage the parking brake and ensure the loader's attachment (if any) is lowered to the ground, ensuring stability and minimizing the risk of tipping over.
27. Where should the Operator's Manual be kept and why?
The Operator's Manual for a Skid Steer Loader should be kept in a secure and easily accessible location. This ensures that it is readily available for the operator to refer to whenever needed. It is important to have the manual close by to that the operator can easily access important information on the safe and proper operation of the machine, including maintenance procedures, safety guidelines, and troubleshooting tips. By keeping the manual nearby, the operator can quickly and efficiently address any issues or concerns that may arise during operation.
28. What is the purpose of a risk assessment?
The purpose of a risk assessment is to identify, evaluate and prioritize potential hazards and risks on a construction site. It helps ensure a thorough understanding of the risks associated with specific tasks or equipment, allowing appropriate control measures to be implemented. By identifying potential hazards, a risk assessment can help minimize accidents, injuries, and damage to property. It is a legal requirement under UK health and safety regulations and is crucial for maintaining a safe working environment. A properly conducted risk assessment can aid in compliance with health and safety legislation and demonstrate a commitment to worker welfare.
29. List SIX typical subject areas that should be covered in a site induction.
The six typical subject areas that should be covered in a site induction are health and safety, emergency procedures, site rules and regulations, job-specific hazards, personal protective equipment requirements, and site-specific policies and procedures.
30. In what situation does a hard hat NOT need to be worn when operating a skid steer?
A hard hat should always be worn when operating a skid steer loader, as it provides protection against falling objects and head injuries. There are no situations where a hard hat can be omitted when using a skid steer. Safety should always be a priority on construction sites, and wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, including a hard hat, is essential to minimize the risk of accidents and injuries.
31. Before leaving the cab for a rest break, after parking and switching off the machine, what final action must be carried out?
Engage the parking brake.
32. If the skid steer is being travelled or working on the public highway, including adjacent pavement and verges, The Road Traffic Act applies. a) What type of licence and which classes should the operator hold and b) what is the minimum age allowed?
a) The operator of a skid steer loader travelling or working on the public highway should hold a valid driving licence. The specific classes required would depend on the weight and type of the vehicle. Additionally, the operator may need additional qualifications or certifications specific to operating construction machinery.
b) The minimum age allowed for operating a skid steer loader on the public highway would be 17 years, as this is the minimum age to obtain a full driving licence in the UK. However, there may be age restrictions imposed by the specific employer or regulations for certain worksites.
33. Why are plant operators generally regarded as 'safety-critical' workers?
Plant operators are generally considered "safety-critical" because their work involves using heavy machinery, such as skid steer loaders, which poses significant risks if not operated properly. Errors or negligence during operation could lead to accidents, injuries, or damage to property. Therefore, plant operators are responsible for maintaining a safe work environment by adhering to safety guidelines, conducting regular checks, and operating equipment correctly. Their role is crucial in preventing accidents and ensuring the safety of themselves and others on-site.
34. a) Name THREE purposes of the raised lugs on tyres and b) what can happen to a skid steer if the lugs are severely worn?
a) The raised lugs on tyres of a skid steer loader serve three purposes:
1. Improved traction by providing better grip on various surfaces.
2. Enhanced stability of the loader during operation.
3. Increased protection against punctures or damage to the tyres.
b) If the lugs on the tyres of a skid steer loader are severely worn, several problems can occur:
1. Reduced traction, leading to decreased stability and control.
2. Increased risk of the loader losing traction and sliding or skidding.
3. Higher chance of tyre damage or failure, which could result in costly repairs or accidents. It is essential to monitor and maintain the tyre condition for optimal performance and safety.
35. Name THREE attachments that are available for a skid steer.
Three attachments available for a skid steer loader include a bucket for lifting and moving materials, a grapple for handling bulky or uneven loads, and a trencher for digging narrow trenches in the ground.
36. What is the definition of, or how can a hazard be described?
A hazard is a potential source of harm or danger. It can be described as anything that has the potential to cause injury, damage, or harm to people, property, or the environment. In the case of a skid steer loader, hazards may include tipping over, entanglement, falls, collisions, and contact with moving parts. It is important to identify and assess hazards to implement appropriate control measures and mitigate risks. Regular training, maintenance, and adherence to safety procedures are essential for safe operation of skid steer loaders.
37. If the operator has loaded the machine onto a transporter/trailer on behalf of a driver, what checks must be carried out before they leave the cab?
Before leaving the cab after loading the skid steer loader onto a transporter/trailer, the operator should perform a few checks. Firstly, they should ensure that the loading ramps or platform are securely in place and won't move during transportation. Secondly, they should confirm that the loader is properly positioned and secured on the transporter/trailer, using appropriate restraints or straps. Additionally, the operator should ensure that any attachments or accessories are securely attached and won't become loose during transport. Finally, they should check that all controls, switches, and safety devices are properly locked, as per the manufacturer's instructions.
38. Before manually changing any bucket: a) Where should the bucket be positioned (in relation to the ground) before removing the final pin and b) explain why?
a) The bucket should be positioned on the ground before removing the final pin.
b) This ensures stability and prevents the bucket from moving or tipping while the pin is being removed.
39. a) What is the purpose of a Method Statement and b) what is required of the operator?
a) A Method Statement is a document that outlines the step-by-step procedures for carrying out a specific construction task. It details the necessary resources, techniques, and precautions to safely and efficiently complete the work.
b) The operator of a skid steer loader is required to have appropriate training and certification, understand the manufacturer's instructions, and follow health and safety regulations. They should conduct pre-operational checks, properly maintain the equipment, and operate it safely. They must also wear PPE, use the machine within its limitations, and be aware of surrounding hazards.
40. What THREE main duties of The Health and Safety at Work Act must employees follow?
Employees under the Health and Safety at Work Act must follow three main duties:
1. Take reasonable care of their own health and safety, as well as the health and safety of others who may be affected by their actions.
2. Cooperate with their employer and comply with health and safety instructions.
3. Not interfere with or misuse anything provided for health and safety purposes. These duties aim to promote a safe working environment and prevent accidents or harm to employees and others.
41. Using the Operator's Manual, state the figure for the tyres' operating pressure. Note: The Operator's Manual for the machine being used for the test MUST be available for reference by the candidate.
Please refer to the Operator's Manual for the Skid Steer Loader to find the figure for the tyres' operating pressure.
42. Describe briefly how a (wheeled) skid steer 'steers' or changes direction.
A wheeled skid steer loader changes direction by skidding, also known as skid steering. It achieves this by controlling the speeds of the two sets of wheels on each side. To turn left, the wheels on the right side slow down while the wheels on the left side continue at the same speed. This difference in wheel speeds causes the skid steer loader to pivot on its wheels, allowing it to change direction. This steering method provides maneuverability and allows the skid steer loader to make tight turns in confined spaces.
43. What is the purpose of a roll or ROPS frame?
The purpose of a roll or ROPS (Roll Over Protective Structure) frame on a skid steer loader is to provide protection to the operator in the event of a rollover accident. It is a reinforced structure that helps to prevent the operator from being crushed in such situations. ROPS frames are designed to withstand the impact and distribute the energy of a rollover, minimizing the risk of injury or fatality. They are an essential safety feature in the construction industry and are required by law in many countries to ensure the well-being of operators.
44. Why should different materials be segregated during extracting?
Different materials should be segregated during extracting for several reasons. Firstly, segregating materials allows for more efficient and targeted handling and disposal processes. For example, recycling materials, such as concrete or wood, can help reduce waste and minimize environmental impact. Secondly, some materials may pose specific risks if not properly separated, such as hazardous substances or contaminants. By segregating these materials, potential health and safety hazards can be mitigated. Finally, segregating materials can also aid in the sorting and reuse of specific components or materials, reducing the need for new resources and helping to promote sustainability within the construction industry.
45. When constructing a ramp to load a small crusher, name THREE considerations to take into account.
Three considerations to take into account when constructing a ramp to load a small crusher are:
1. Gradient: Ensure the ramp has a suitable slope to allow the skid steer loader to safely and smoothly access the crusher without causing instability or tipping.
2. Surface: Use a material with adequate traction to prevent slippage and ensure the skid steer loader can grip the ramp effectively while carrying the crusher.
3. Width and Clearance: Ensure the ramp is wide enough to accommodate the skid steer loader and the crusher, providing enough clearance for maneuverability and safe operation.
46. Name THREE ways that a plant operator can contribute in ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor.
1. A plant operator can contribute to ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor by consistently delivering high-quality workmanship and results. This includes operating the skid steer loader efficiently and effectively, maximizing productivity and minimizing downtime.
2. Another way is by fostering good communication and building strong relationships with the client and principal contractor. This involves actively listening to their needs and concerns, being responsive and reliable, and proactively providing updates on progress.
3. Lastly, a plant operator can contribute to repeat business by being safety-conscious and adhering to all health and safety regulations. This helps to minimize accidents and incidents, protecting the client's reputation and encouraging them to work with the operator again.
47. When working in a confined area or space, name THREE hazards that can occur.
Three hazards that can occur when operating a skid steer loader in a confined area are limited visibility, potential for contact with objects or structures, and the risk of tip-over due to uneven terrain or improper operation. It is important to follow safety guidelines and exercise caution to mitigate these hazards and prevent accidents.
48. Why must the seat belt be worn, even within the confines of the cab?
The seat belt must be worn in a skid steer loader, even within the cab, to ensure the operator's safety. Accidents or sudden movements can cause the operator to be thrown from the seat, potentially resulting in serious injury or death. Wearing the seat belt helps to keep the operator securely in place during operation, reducing the risk of ejection. It is a necessary safety measure that should always be followed to prevent accidents and protect the operator.
49. Name THREE ways in which an operator can minimise their impact upon the environment whilst using the machine.
There are three ways an operator can minimize their environmental impact while using a skid steer loader:
1. Choose an electric or hybrid model, which reduces emissions and noise pollution.
2. Properly maintain and service the machine to ensure optimal performance and fuel efficiency.
3. Adopt eco-friendly practices, such as reducing idling time, using biodegradable hydraulic fluids, and managing waste responsibly. By implementing these measures, operators can reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to a more sustainable construction industry.
50. How are skid steer bucket sizes calculated?
Skid steer bucket sizes are typically measured in cubic feet or cubic yards. The calculation is based on the width, depth, and height of the bucket. To calculate the bucket capacity, the measurements are multiplied together. For example, if the width of the bucket is 3 feet, the depth is 2 feet, and the height is 1.5 feet, the capacity would be 9 cubic feet. It is important to check the manufacturer's specifications and recommendations for the specific skid steer loader model, as bucket sizes can vary.
51. Why should a skid steer be re-fuelled at the end of the day?
Refuelling a skid steer at the end of the day ensures it is ready for use the next day. It prevents fuel from running low during operation, which can disrupt workflow. Additionally, a full tank at the end of the day prevents condensation from forming inside the fuel tank overnight, reducing the risk of moisture-related damage. It also helps maintain the skid steer's overall performance and lifespan by ensuring it always has sufficient fuel and minimizing the chances of running out during work hours.
52. Name THREE conditions that mirrors on the machine must be in.
Clean, undamaged, and properly adjusted
53. Apart from the operator, who else may need to use the machine's Operator's Manual?
Besides the operator, other individuals who may need to refer to the machine's Operator's Manual could include maintenance personnel, safety inspectors, supervisors, and other employees responsible for the machine's operation, maintenance, and safety. It is essential that anyone involved with the machine understands its specifications, operating procedures, and safety guidelines to ensure its proper use and prevent accidents. The Operator's Manual should be easily accessible to all relevant personnel and consulted when necessary.
54. When working in a confined area or space: a) what danger can be present with regards to the rear of the machine, b) what is the recommended minimum distance and c) what measures must be implemented if the gap is less?
a) The danger with the rear of a skid steer loader in a confined area is the risk of a person being struck or crushed by the machine while it is moving or turning.
b) The recommended minimum distance when operating a skid steer loader in a confined area is at least twice the length of the machine. This provides adequate space for maneuvering and reduces the risk of accidents.
c) If the gap is less than the recommended minimum distance, additional measures must be implemented. These may include using a spotter to guide the operator, implementing physical barriers or obstacles to prevent access to the rear of the machine, or using cameras or sensors to enhance visibility and awareness.
55. During work, the engine starts to overheat. Explain the danger if someone tries to remove the radiator or expansion tank cap.
Trying to remove the radiator or expansion tank cap on an overheating skid steer loader can be dangerous. The radiator cap is under pressure, and removing it while hot could result in boiling coolant or steam being released, causing burns or scalds. Additionally, opening the radiator cap can also lead to coolant splashing out, potentially causing injury. It is essential to let the engine cool down completely before attempting to remove any caps or perform maintenance on the cooling system to avoid these dangers.
56. Whenever possible, who should decide the positioning of the vehicle to be loaded?
It is best for the skid steer loader operator, who has the expertise and visibility, to determine the positioning of the vehicle to be loaded. They can assess factors such as the weight and dimensions of the load, as well as any potential obstacles or hazards. The operator should also communicate with the person overseeing the loading process to ensure alignment with the overall loading plan. Collaborative decision-making between the operator and the relevant parties is key to efficient and safe loading operations.
57. When travelling on wet clay or rock, what effect does this have on the skid steer?
When a skid steer loader travels on wet clay or rock, it can cause reduced traction due to the slippery surface. This can result in the skid steer skidding or sliding, making it challenging to maintain control and stability. Additionally, the wet clay or rock may stick to the tires or tracks, causing further traction issues and potentially affecting the machine's performance. It is crucial to adapt to such conditions by taking appropriate precautions, such as using proper tires or tracks and adjusting operating techniques to ensure safe and efficient operation.
58. Give FOUR reasons that may cause the skid steer to tip over sideways.
Four reasons a skid steer loader may tip over sideways are:
1. Uneven ground or slopes exceeding the machine's capabilities
2. Incorrectly positioning or operating the bucket or attachment
3. Carrying an imbalanced or excessive load
4. Sudden changes in direction or speed. Operators must maintain proper training, adhere to operational guidelines, and be aware of their surroundings to prevent tipping. Regular maintenance and inspection of the machine is also vital to eliminate potential hazards.
59. On a semi-automatic quick-hitch bucket attaching system: a) what is the purpose of the safety pin and b) what checks MUST be made to the pin before use?
a) The purpose of the safety pin on a semi-automatic quick-hitch bucket attaching system for a skid steer loader is to secure the attachment and prevent unintended detachment during operation.
b) Before use, the safety pin should be checked for proper engagement and secure attachment. It's important to ensure that the pin is not damaged, bent, or worn, as this could affect its functionality and compromise safety. Additionally, the pin should be free from any debris or obstructions that could prevent it from fully engaging with the hitch system.
60. If a load has to be tipped on a slope, what may happen if the load is tipped downhill and why?
Tipping a load downhill on a slope can cause instability and potential hazards. The load's weight distribution may shift, causing the skid steer loader to lose balance and overturn. This can lead to accidents, damage, or injury. It is important to follow safety guidelines and tilt loads uphill to maintain stability and reduce risks.
61. What does The Health and Safety at Work Act require employers to do with regards specifically to plant?
The Health and Safety at Work Act obliges employers to ensure the safe use of plant, including skid steer loaders. This involves identifying hazards, conducting risk assessments, and implementing control measures. Employers should provide suitable training and instructions to operators, conduct regular maintenance and inspections to identify defects, and ensure that the equipment is properly used, stored, and maintained. They also have a duty to inform employees about potential risks, provide necessary personal protective equipment, and monitor and review the effectiveness of safety arrangements. Compliance with relevant regulations and industry standards is essential in meeting these requirements.
62. What are the possible outcomes of facing prosecution for not complying with legislation and regulations?
Potential outcomes of non-compliance with legislation and regulations can include fines, penalties, or legal action. Prosecution may result in court hearings, where a guilty verdict can lead to further consequences such as imprisonment, financial penalties, or restrictions on future activities. It is important to adhere to all applicable laws and regulations to avoid these potential outcomes. Compliance with legislation ensures a safe and lawful operation, contributing to a positive reputation and long-term success in the construction industry.
63. On pneumatic tyre-equipped machines, what is a possible consequence of using a tyre with a deep cut in the sidewall?
Using a tyre with a deep cut in the sidewall on a pneumatic tyre-equipped skid steer loader can lead to tire failure and loss of productivity. The deep cut can cause the tire to deflate or even rupture during operation, causing the machine to become destabilized and possibly leading to accidents or damage. It is important to regularly inspect tires for any cuts or damage and replace them immediately to maintain safe and efficient operation of the skid steer loader.